1
00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:07,000
Downloaded from
YTS.BZ

2
00:00:08,000 --> 00:00:13,000
Official YIFY movies site:
YTS.BZ

3
00:00:43,400 --> 00:00:45,480
We are Indigenous.

4
00:00:45,640 --> 00:00:47,600
We are being persecuted.

5
00:00:47,760 --> 00:00:49,600
We are being murdered.

6
00:00:49,760 --> 00:00:52,280
The funeral of Indigenous leader
Zico Guajajara,

7
00:00:52,440 --> 00:00:54,560
who was shot to death on Tuesday

8
00:00:55,400 --> 00:00:58,360
Indigenous peoples have been fig
for centuries

9
00:00:58,520 --> 00:01:00,440
to defend their territories.

10
00:01:00,600 --> 00:01:03,720
But with the current economic mo

11
00:01:03,880 --> 00:01:07,320
that has put profit before life,

12
00:01:07,480 --> 00:01:09,680
this violence is constantly
being replayed.

13
00:01:09,840 --> 00:01:14,160
Many female comrades have been k
many male comrades too.

14
00:01:14,320 --> 00:01:17,040
Above all in Latin America,

15
00:01:17,200 --> 00:01:18,320
in Africa, in Asia...

16
00:01:18,480 --> 00:01:21,680
as we are the countries being su

17
00:01:21,840 --> 00:01:24,720
to extractivism.

18
00:01:24,880 --> 00:01:26,280
To keep plundering us.

19
00:01:28,920 --> 00:01:30,840
Sometimes it can be hard for us

20
00:01:31,000 --> 00:01:33,840
to understand what is going to h
to the planet,

21
00:01:34,000 --> 00:01:35,520
fearing it will suddenly end

22
00:01:35,680 --> 00:01:37,640
or we will all die overnight,

23
00:01:37,800 --> 00:01:38,920
everyone at once.

24
00:01:39,080 --> 00:01:39,880
Boom!

25
00:01:40,040 --> 00:01:41,360
That's not going to happen.

26
00:01:41,520 --> 00:01:42,560
What will happen

27
00:01:43,120 --> 00:01:46,360
is that living conditions will
deteriorate,

28
00:01:46,520 --> 00:01:48,600
especially for the most vulnerab

29
00:01:49,360 --> 00:01:53,359
Climate collapse is driven, abov
all, by

30
00:01:53,360 --> 00:01:57,359
capitalism. The only obstacle fo
the oligarchs

31
00:01:57,360 --> 00:02:01,359
and corporations that are destro
the Earth

32
00:02:01,360 --> 00:02:04,960
are the courageous environmental
activists.

33
00:02:05,120 --> 00:02:09,119
In many countries, we have seen
these

34
00:02:09,120 --> 00:02:13,119
brave activists, the local defen
of

35
00:02:13,120 --> 00:02:17,119
the ecosystem and the land, have
been

36
00:02:17,120 --> 00:02:21,520
murdered in cold blood by the fo
of capital.

37
00:03:10,520 --> 00:03:13,040
Has anyone suggested, comrades,

38
00:03:13,200 --> 00:03:16,400
that the struggle
of impoverished peoples,

39
00:03:16,560 --> 00:03:18,480
of Indigenous peoples,
has been easy?

40
00:03:19,040 --> 00:03:22,720
Do you know how many years
we Indigenous have had to fight?

41
00:03:24,040 --> 00:03:26,240
520 years...

42
00:03:26,400 --> 00:03:28,400
since the Spanish invasion.

43
00:03:28,560 --> 00:03:32,640
70 million Indigenous people hav
wiped out on this continent.

44
00:03:33,200 --> 00:03:34,680
Comrades,

45
00:03:34,840 --> 00:03:37,160
colonialism is still going stron

46
00:03:37,840 --> 00:03:41,000
That's why this fight is so hard
for Indigenous people.

47
00:03:41,480 --> 00:03:44,360
But we do have power, comrades,

48
00:03:44,520 --> 00:03:47,280
and that is why we are still her

49
00:03:47,440 --> 00:03:50,360
That's one thing my mum had:

50
00:03:51,160 --> 00:03:53,840
a holistic approach.

51
00:03:54,320 --> 00:03:56,280
She didn't look at things in iso

52
00:03:56,440 --> 00:04:00,040
like this is my struggle
and it's the only one that exist

53
00:04:00,200 --> 00:04:02,840
Instead, she saw
that we are all interconnected,

54
00:04:03,000 --> 00:04:07,560
so injustices suffered by some

55
00:04:07,720 --> 00:04:09,800
will ultimately be suffered by a

56
00:04:09,960 --> 00:04:11,800
It is not a crime to defend

57
00:04:11,960 --> 00:04:14,720
our own rights as Indigenous peo

58
00:04:17,760 --> 00:04:20,440
1993 saw the establishment of CO

59
00:04:20,600 --> 00:04:24,080
the Honduran Civic Council
of Popular and Indigenous Organi

60
00:04:24,240 --> 00:04:28,120
It was set up
to defend the environment,

61
00:04:28,800 --> 00:04:32,840
to defend Lenca culture,
and to defend women.

62
00:04:33,200 --> 00:04:37,080
This river is important ancestra

63
00:04:37,240 --> 00:04:39,800
spiritually,
because it is home

64
00:04:39,960 --> 00:04:44,080
to the female spirit
of the Lenca cosmovision.

65
00:04:44,240 --> 00:04:46,520
We have always been taught

66
00:04:46,680 --> 00:04:48,720
that girls are the guardians
of the rivers.

67
00:04:49,640 --> 00:04:51,000
And the Gualcarque River

68
00:04:51,160 --> 00:04:53,400
provides food

69
00:04:53,560 --> 00:04:55,720
and medicinal plants,

70
00:04:55,880 --> 00:04:58,440
and, of course, all this water i

71
00:04:58,600 --> 00:05:01,280
by many people living downstream

72
00:05:06,080 --> 00:05:09,120
My mother was therefore very cle

73
00:05:09,280 --> 00:05:12,880
about the direction COPINH had t

74
00:05:13,040 --> 00:05:16,320
Fighting for the political parti
of women,

75
00:05:16,480 --> 00:05:17,920
of Indigenous people,

76
00:05:18,080 --> 00:05:19,880
talking about the economic model

77
00:05:20,040 --> 00:05:21,880
talking about racial discriminat

78
00:05:22,040 --> 00:05:24,200
as a product of all that persecu

79
00:05:24,360 --> 00:05:29,200
violence and criminalisation
to which the community was subje

80
00:05:29,360 --> 00:05:32,240
Let us not be naïve
in the face of such power.

81
00:05:33,760 --> 00:05:35,360
She fought imperialism too,

82
00:05:35,520 --> 00:05:38,200
fought against the idea of Hondu

83
00:05:38,360 --> 00:05:42,600
as a mere extension
of the United States,

84
00:05:42,760 --> 00:05:45,240
where they can come and use us
as a laboratory.

85
00:05:46,520 --> 00:05:51,000
Provisional results suggest Hond
opposition leader has won electi

86
00:05:52,280 --> 00:05:56,760
Liberal Zelaya declared Presiden
of Honduras

87
00:06:00,200 --> 00:06:03,480
We are determined to fight
to the bitter end

88
00:06:03,640 --> 00:06:06,240
to defend democracy and human ri

89
00:06:14,160 --> 00:06:15,440
Here in Honduras,

90
00:06:15,600 --> 00:06:17,840
between 2006 and 2009,

91
00:06:18,000 --> 00:06:22,160
there was an attempt by the gove
led by Manuel Zelaya Rosales

92
00:06:22,320 --> 00:06:25,640
to ensure that decisions could b

93
00:06:25,800 --> 00:06:30,760
not only by business leaders
or politicians,

94
00:06:31,320 --> 00:06:34,080
or based on US government policy

95
00:06:34,240 --> 00:06:36,960
but that instead there would be
a diversification.

96
00:06:37,120 --> 00:06:41,920
So they opened up to Brazil,
to Venezuela, to Cuba...

97
00:06:42,080 --> 00:06:44,760
But that didn't mean a complete
with the elites.

98
00:06:46,800 --> 00:06:48,640
There was a shared sense of joy.

99
00:06:48,800 --> 00:06:50,800
People were keen to get on board

100
00:06:50,960 --> 00:06:53,640
believing this would change Hond
for the better

101
00:06:53,800 --> 00:06:58,920
by recognising the rights of wom
Indigenous people, the rural sec

102
00:06:59,080 --> 00:07:01,840
and land issues, which remain
very acute in our country.

103
00:07:03,120 --> 00:07:07,559
Coup in Honduras: military ousts

104
00:07:07,560 --> 00:07:13,200
Honduran leader forced into exil

105
00:07:28,920 --> 00:07:33,600
The coup d'état had various poli
and military dynamics

106
00:07:33,760 --> 00:07:38,320
that conspired,
both in Honduras and internation

107
00:07:38,480 --> 00:07:43,520
to cut off any kind
of public administration

108
00:07:43,680 --> 00:07:47,520
that might pose even the slighte
to those interests,

109
00:07:48,080 --> 00:07:51,480
which had been consolidated in H
over many years.

110
00:07:51,640 --> 00:07:54,200
Honduras has always occupied

111
00:07:54,360 --> 00:07:57,960
a strategic geopolitical positio

112
00:07:58,520 --> 00:08:01,360
It borders Guatemala, El Salvado
and Nicaragua.

113
00:08:01,920 --> 00:08:03,520
It borders the Caribbean Sea.

114
00:08:03,680 --> 00:08:06,240
It is linked to the Pacific Ocea

115
00:08:06,400 --> 00:08:09,560
So it cannot be placed in jeopar

116
00:08:10,800 --> 00:08:13,280
So the US government,
in cohorts with the military

117
00:08:13,440 --> 00:08:16,200
and the Honduran
and Central American oligarchies

118
00:08:16,360 --> 00:08:20,560
came up with a strategy
of permanent counterinsurgency.

119
00:08:21,720 --> 00:08:23,440
That was my first contact

120
00:08:23,600 --> 00:08:26,680
with state repression,
with the security forces,

121
00:08:27,160 --> 00:08:30,040
and it was a very painful experi

122
00:08:30,200 --> 00:08:32,320
given the country's dreams.

123
00:08:36,880 --> 00:08:39,920
Berta Cáceres led the fightback

124
00:08:40,080 --> 00:08:41,360
against the coup,

125
00:08:41,520 --> 00:08:43,080
not from an elite position,

126
00:08:43,240 --> 00:08:44,680
but from the trenches.

127
00:08:46,000 --> 00:08:49,360
It was a fight that brought to l

128
00:08:50,080 --> 00:08:53,840
all the contradictions inherent
in the Honduran State

129
00:08:54,000 --> 00:08:56,720
regarding the rights
of Indigenous communities.

130
00:08:57,320 --> 00:09:00,640
Berta's ability to connect
with these communities

131
00:09:00,800 --> 00:09:03,160
enabled her to awaken

132
00:09:03,320 --> 00:09:06,999
the Lenca communities' rebelliou

133
00:09:07,000 --> 00:09:10,919
The U.S. has had a devastating
influence on Honduras and Centra

134
00:09:10,920 --> 00:09:12,880
America in general.

135
00:09:13,040 --> 00:09:17,039
US government policies are desig
according

136
00:09:17,040 --> 00:09:22,080
to the demands of US companies t
exploit those countries.

137
00:09:22,240 --> 00:09:26,000
Companies give orders and the
government obeys.

138
00:09:32,720 --> 00:09:35,480
The Water Forest is
a relatively small area

139
00:09:35,640 --> 00:09:39,520
that collects three-quarters
of the water consumed by Mexico

140
00:09:39,680 --> 00:09:43,480
It is also an area
that is rich in biodiversity,

141
00:09:43,640 --> 00:09:45,040
despite its limited size.

142
00:09:45,200 --> 00:09:47,760
Two per cent of the world's biod

143
00:09:47,920 --> 00:09:49,440
is thought to be in this zone.

144
00:09:51,720 --> 00:09:54,440
The struggle
in which we have long been engag

145
00:09:54,600 --> 00:09:57,040
to defend the land of the Tlahui

146
00:09:57,200 --> 00:09:58,680
to defend the forest...

147
00:09:58,840 --> 00:10:02,440
all of this represents life
for future generations.

148
00:10:02,600 --> 00:10:05,640
Without forests there is no wate
Without water there is no life.

149
00:10:10,000 --> 00:10:13,480
My dad, Ildefonso Zamora Baldome
was named 'defender of the fores

150
00:10:13,640 --> 00:10:17,360
because he was always defending
the disputed land

151
00:10:17,520 --> 00:10:18,800
of San Juan Atzingo,

152
00:10:18,960 --> 00:10:22,160
where he was the commissioner
of community farmland.

153
00:10:22,320 --> 00:10:25,760
Later on, he protected the wellb
of the forest

154
00:10:25,920 --> 00:10:27,920
by fighting illegal logging.

155
00:10:31,760 --> 00:10:34,400
We need to set up programmes

156
00:10:34,560 --> 00:10:37,320
related to the forest,

157
00:10:37,480 --> 00:10:38,560
and to create jobs,

158
00:10:38,720 --> 00:10:40,720
so those criminals have no more

159
00:10:40,880 --> 00:10:44,280
They do not log out of necessity
they do it to line their pockets

160
00:10:45,480 --> 00:10:50,040
Ildefonso Zamora, threatened
for defending Mexico's forests

161
00:10:52,920 --> 00:10:56,320
The Water Forest is primarily th
by urban growth,

162
00:10:56,920 --> 00:11:00,400
which forces farming into the fo

163
00:11:00,560 --> 00:11:01,760
and by illegal logging.

164
00:11:01,920 --> 00:11:05,720
So the Zempoala lagoon,
San Juan Atzingo and Ildefonso

165
00:11:05,880 --> 00:11:07,640
became emblems

166
00:11:07,800 --> 00:11:13,080
of logging as a threat
to the forests in this region.

167
00:11:13,640 --> 00:11:15,560
But this was also a positive cas

168
00:11:15,720 --> 00:11:18,760
of a community coming together
to defend its forests.

169
00:11:22,200 --> 00:11:23,560
This is a place

170
00:11:24,120 --> 00:11:27,840
of special significance

171
00:11:28,000 --> 00:11:29,600
to me and my family.

172
00:11:29,760 --> 00:11:34,520
It is a forest that we created
ourselves.

173
00:11:35,360 --> 00:11:37,000
Nineteen years ago,

174
00:11:37,160 --> 00:11:39,120
my father decided

175
00:11:39,280 --> 00:11:44,880
that he, my brother and I
would plant trees here.

176
00:11:46,360 --> 00:11:48,800
Fortunately, a large part
of this Water Forest

177
00:11:48,960 --> 00:11:51,160
lies within Tlahuica territory,

178
00:11:51,320 --> 00:11:55,360
within the territory
that we have watched over and pr

179
00:11:55,520 --> 00:11:58,720
It is a source of great pride

180
00:11:58,880 --> 00:12:02,200
to be able to play a part
in ensuring that future generati

181
00:12:02,360 --> 00:12:05,080
have a healthy habitat to enjoy.

182
00:12:09,080 --> 00:12:10,560
I met Ildefonso

183
00:12:10,720 --> 00:12:14,600
when I was part of Greenpeace Me

184
00:12:14,760 --> 00:12:17,680
Some researchers at UNAM univers

185
00:12:18,240 --> 00:12:20,600
put us in touch with Ildefonso

186
00:12:20,760 --> 00:12:24,320
as a positive example of a commu
trying to protect its forests.

187
00:12:24,480 --> 00:12:26,040
Sadly,

188
00:12:26,200 --> 00:12:30,200
the work undertaken by Ildefonso
and the community of San Juan At

189
00:12:30,360 --> 00:12:32,720
was not well supported.

190
00:12:32,880 --> 00:12:36,360
They were basically left
to defend their forest alone.

191
00:12:36,520 --> 00:12:38,800
We have given names, addresses,

192
00:12:38,960 --> 00:12:40,920
videos, photographs,

193
00:12:41,080 --> 00:12:44,160
coordinates, site locations...
The evidence is there.

194
00:12:44,760 --> 00:12:48,160
As I have always said,
the last two municipal administr

195
00:12:48,320 --> 00:12:51,080
allowed these loggers to gain st

196
00:12:51,240 --> 00:12:55,840
by failing to take any action
to stop them.

197
00:12:56,000 --> 00:12:57,480
So this criminal gang grew.

198
00:13:01,160 --> 00:13:04,199
The Amazon rainforest is an
essential regulator of the plane

199
00:13:04,200 --> 00:13:05,760
climate.

200
00:13:05,920 --> 00:13:08,360
It contains immense amounts of
carbon.

201
00:13:08,520 --> 00:13:11,519
If the rainforest is destroyed a
burned,

202
00:13:11,520 --> 00:13:14,520
the carbon is converted into car
dioxide.

203
00:13:14,640 --> 00:13:18,639
So, instead of preventing warmin
the rainforest

204
00:13:18,640 --> 00:13:22,800
releases carbon dioxide and
accelerates it.

205
00:13:22,960 --> 00:13:26,959
At the same time, the Amazon is
fundamental to the

206
00:13:26,960 --> 00:13:30,959
Earth's water balance. It produc
large amounts of

207
00:13:30,960 --> 00:13:34,359
water vapor, which helps regulat
global

208
00:13:34,360 --> 00:13:37,360
circulation systems and rainfall
patterns.

209
00:13:37,520 --> 00:13:41,519
If you destroy the Amazon, you
destroy much of what

210
00:13:41,520 --> 00:13:45,080
allows humans to survive on this
planet.

211
00:13:47,640 --> 00:13:49,320
Some ten years ago,

212
00:13:49,480 --> 00:13:52,720
the Araribóia Indigenous Territo
considered lost.

213
00:13:53,120 --> 00:13:56,320
Loggers at work,
environmental crimes being commi

214
00:13:56,480 --> 00:14:00,040
And the government was doing not
to protect this territory.

215
00:14:00,200 --> 00:14:02,560
It was considered lost land.

216
00:14:05,720 --> 00:14:11,760
The Brazilian State never respon
to our complaints at the time,

217
00:14:12,080 --> 00:14:16,440
even though we had a long list o
committed within the Territory.

218
00:14:16,720 --> 00:14:18,760
This is why we decided

219
00:14:18,920 --> 00:14:22,080
to create the Guardians group
within the Territory,

220
00:14:22,240 --> 00:14:24,960
to provide a form of protection,

221
00:14:25,120 --> 00:14:27,400
because my people were dying.

222
00:14:27,560 --> 00:14:29,120
And they had a huge impact

223
00:14:29,280 --> 00:14:31,880
on the issue of invasion and log

224
00:14:32,040 --> 00:14:34,000
in the Araribóia Indigenous Terr

225
00:14:34,560 --> 00:14:37,640
The Guardians of the Forest
are a group of...

226
00:14:38,280 --> 00:14:40,040
Indigenous Guajajara

227
00:14:40,200 --> 00:14:44,160
who risk their own lives
to defend Araribóia land.

228
00:14:45,240 --> 00:14:47,120
That's why they were set up:

229
00:14:47,280 --> 00:14:52,000
because adequate protection
was not being offered by the sta

230
00:14:52,160 --> 00:14:55,160
even though the defence
of this territory is enshrined i

231
00:14:55,320 --> 00:14:59,720
So they took matters
into their own hands.

232
00:14:59,880 --> 00:15:01,720
If we don't take care of our lan

233
00:15:01,880 --> 00:15:03,360
it will disappear.

234
00:15:03,520 --> 00:15:05,560
And if it disappears, where will

235
00:15:05,720 --> 00:15:07,680
the materials to build our house

236
00:15:07,840 --> 00:15:11,520
What will we do without our fore

237
00:15:12,200 --> 00:15:15,880
What will we do without our hous

238
00:15:16,040 --> 00:15:19,320
During Jair Bolsonaro's four yea
in office,

239
00:15:19,480 --> 00:15:22,880
he dismantled
the environmental agencies,

240
00:15:23,040 --> 00:15:24,320
he slashed the budgets

241
00:15:24,480 --> 00:15:27,560
of environmental-protection bodi

242
00:15:27,720 --> 00:15:30,160
and those protecting
Indigenous peoples.

243
00:15:30,320 --> 00:15:33,120
He also had a discourse

244
00:15:33,280 --> 00:15:37,080
that openly supported the invade

245
00:15:37,240 --> 00:15:40,160
This had a very big impact. Huge

246
00:15:40,320 --> 00:15:43,680
Just imagine
a country's highest authority

247
00:15:44,440 --> 00:15:48,320
saying: 'No problem, go ahead,
you can invade Indigenous land,

248
00:15:48,480 --> 00:15:50,439
there will be no sanction.'

249
00:15:50,440 --> 00:15:52,480
Bolsonaro said: "Sure, go ahead.

250
00:15:52,640 --> 00:15:56,400
It's yours. It's a good thing. W
want to destroy the Amazon."

251
00:15:57,600 --> 00:16:01,640
Deforestation in Brazil's Amazon
a record high in Bolsonaro's las

252
00:16:02,800 --> 00:16:06,800
Bolsonaro's environmental legacy
Amazon deforestation at 15-year

253
00:16:06,960 --> 00:16:09,280
That government was anti-environ

254
00:16:09,440 --> 00:16:10,800
anti-Amazon.

255
00:16:10,960 --> 00:16:14,440
He always spoke out in favour of

256
00:16:14,920 --> 00:16:17,880
and in favour
of these illegal economic activi

257
00:16:18,040 --> 00:16:19,960
stressing Amazonia needed to dev

258
00:16:20,120 --> 00:16:22,760
But this is a very outdated view
of development,

259
00:16:22,920 --> 00:16:27,000
which dates back to the time
of Brazil's military dictatorshi

260
00:16:27,160 --> 00:16:30,800
The military government
treated Amazonia like a 'green h

261
00:16:30,960 --> 00:16:34,600
like an empty space to be popula

262
00:16:34,760 --> 00:16:37,680
Amazonia was seen, back then,

263
00:16:37,840 --> 00:16:40,800
as a territory to be conquered

264
00:16:40,960 --> 00:16:42,720
and tamed.

265
00:16:42,880 --> 00:16:45,200
There was no consideration whats

266
00:16:45,360 --> 00:16:48,120
for the people who were living t

267
00:16:48,280 --> 00:16:50,640
So the aim of that project was

268
00:16:50,800 --> 00:16:53,960
to bulldoze over those people

269
00:16:54,120 --> 00:16:56,840
and bring so-called progress
to Amazonia.

270
00:16:57,000 --> 00:16:58,840
This is the view

271
00:16:59,600 --> 00:17:02,880
that prevailed at that time

272
00:17:03,040 --> 00:17:06,760
and, sadly, the view
that prevails to this day

273
00:17:06,920 --> 00:17:09,720
in the minds of those
who were often trained

274
00:17:10,760 --> 00:17:14,320
by the military government,
or who are in the military.

275
00:17:14,480 --> 00:17:16,560
So it's no wonder

276
00:17:16,720 --> 00:17:20,840
that former President Jair Bolso
holds the views he does,

277
00:17:21,000 --> 00:17:22,800
since he is ex-military himself.

278
00:17:26,000 --> 00:17:31,600
800 million trees cut down in si
years to meet the demand for bee

279
00:17:35,320 --> 00:17:41,000
The multinationals that
industrialized the Amazon rainfo

280
00:17:42,760 --> 00:17:44,120
Resources are running out.

281
00:17:44,680 --> 00:17:47,040
We are reaching a critical point

282
00:17:47,200 --> 00:17:51,000
in terms of climate change,
drought, the pollution of our ri

283
00:17:51,160 --> 00:17:55,000
the wiping out of our forested l

284
00:17:55,760 --> 00:17:59,599
The most destructive companies i
existence are those in oil, coal

285
00:17:59,600 --> 00:18:01,520
and gas.

286
00:18:01,680 --> 00:18:03,560
And the livestock companies.

287
00:18:04,040 --> 00:18:07,280
It is clear that the big corpora
do not act alone.

288
00:18:07,440 --> 00:18:11,560
To survive, the big corporations
and the capitalist model

289
00:18:12,320 --> 00:18:15,800
need submissive states,

290
00:18:15,960 --> 00:18:18,160
they need complicit states,

291
00:18:18,320 --> 00:18:23,000
ones that see growth and accumul
as the only viable process.

292
00:18:23,160 --> 00:18:26,760
Big capital will never be satisf
with small projects.

293
00:18:27,200 --> 00:18:31,240
It's the malady of the megaproje

294
00:18:31,840 --> 00:18:34,600
A small hotel will not suffice.

295
00:18:34,760 --> 00:18:38,000
We're talking a 500-room hotel,

296
00:18:38,160 --> 00:18:40,480
which requires a golf course,

297
00:18:40,640 --> 00:18:43,320
not to mention more water

298
00:18:43,480 --> 00:18:46,960
than a residential urban area.

299
00:18:47,120 --> 00:18:48,840
The forest gets in the way.

300
00:18:49,600 --> 00:18:52,800
You have to remove all kinds of

301
00:18:52,960 --> 00:18:57,360
so that the agricultural machine
or the hotel complex

302
00:18:57,520 --> 00:18:59,080
or the mine can be installed.

303
00:19:13,640 --> 00:19:16,760
The Lenca territory has a wealth
of rivers,

304
00:19:16,920 --> 00:19:22,120
and this has attracted the atten
of many companies

305
00:19:22,280 --> 00:19:24,560
that wish to exploit it
for power generation.

306
00:19:25,680 --> 00:19:28,880
This is where the hydroelectric
Agua Zarca comes in,

307
00:19:29,040 --> 00:19:30,960
owned by a company called DESA.

308
00:19:31,120 --> 00:19:34,280
People found out about it
when signs went up

309
00:19:34,440 --> 00:19:36,640
demarcating the limits

310
00:19:36,800 --> 00:19:39,000
of the 'company property'.

311
00:19:39,160 --> 00:19:42,880
In reality, this whole zone belo
to the community.

312
00:19:43,040 --> 00:19:47,480
It forms part of a series
of power-generation projects

313
00:19:47,640 --> 00:19:49,440
rolled out in the context of the

314
00:19:49,600 --> 00:19:52,200
They were signed off
by the National Congress,

315
00:19:52,360 --> 00:19:55,240
which had strong ties to the cou

316
00:19:56,800 --> 00:19:58,760
The people went to COPINH

317
00:19:59,720 --> 00:20:00,960
to ask for help.

318
00:20:01,640 --> 00:20:04,400
That's when my mother's struggle

319
00:20:04,560 --> 00:20:08,480
From the outset, this was in vio
of Convention 169

320
00:20:08,640 --> 00:20:12,360
and its cited duty to respect th
of Indigenous peoples.

321
00:20:12,520 --> 00:20:14,120
The licence was granted

322
00:20:14,280 --> 00:20:17,600
without a free, prior and inform
consultation process.

323
00:20:17,760 --> 00:20:20,600
According to ILO Convention 169,

324
00:20:21,560 --> 00:20:23,320
any kind of investment

325
00:20:23,480 --> 00:20:25,640
in a rural area

326
00:20:26,440 --> 00:20:29,400
is subject to prior and informed
consultation.

327
00:20:29,560 --> 00:20:31,840
This did not happen in Honduras.

328
00:20:32,640 --> 00:20:34,640
That's no coincidence, is it?

329
00:20:34,800 --> 00:20:37,960
After the coup, many members
of the military began to engage

330
00:20:38,120 --> 00:20:41,120
*in businesses like this one:
power generation.

331
00:20:41,280 --> 00:20:43,640
The coup d'état served to radica

332
00:20:45,280 --> 00:20:49,160
the model that has been establis
in Honduras for many decades,

333
00:20:50,160 --> 00:20:52,280
namely that of hoarding...

334
00:20:53,080 --> 00:20:56,320
Land, water,

335
00:20:56,880 --> 00:20:59,560
the rivers, the mines,
the forests...

336
00:21:00,320 --> 00:21:03,720
Bringing together national entre

337
00:21:03,880 --> 00:21:07,200
and international ones,
foreign capital.

338
00:21:07,360 --> 00:21:09,560
As soon as the company got here,

339
00:21:09,720 --> 00:21:11,640
they started off on an aggressiv

340
00:21:11,800 --> 00:21:15,600
wanting to force Río Blanco
to accept the project, no matter

341
00:21:15,760 --> 00:21:18,560
The community was not consulted
about the project.

342
00:21:18,720 --> 00:21:21,120
There was no prior, informed
consultation.

343
00:21:21,280 --> 00:21:25,000
They just forced their way in
and imposed their will.

344
00:21:25,160 --> 00:21:28,280
We saw nothing of profits
or development plans, nothing.

345
00:21:28,440 --> 00:21:30,880
Only what they wanted to generat

346
00:21:31,040 --> 00:21:32,600
They deceived the people,

347
00:21:32,760 --> 00:21:34,120
intimidated them,

348
00:21:34,280 --> 00:21:35,840
used violence,

349
00:21:36,000 --> 00:21:39,240
and paid out bribes
to divide communities.

350
00:21:39,400 --> 00:21:41,880
That is what we saw in the commu

351
00:21:46,320 --> 00:21:48,080
As we began the Río Blanco battl

352
00:21:48,240 --> 00:21:49,360
I waded into the river.

353
00:21:49,520 --> 00:21:52,880
I could talk to the river,
I could sense what it was tellin

354
00:21:53,440 --> 00:21:55,760
and I knew how hard
this was going to be.

355
00:21:56,800 --> 00:21:58,720
The only thing the people could

356
00:21:58,880 --> 00:22:03,080
to stop the hydroelectric projec
to block the road.

357
00:22:03,920 --> 00:22:07,120
On 1 April 2013, they took the o

358
00:22:07,280 --> 00:22:09,440
to block the machinery's passage

359
00:22:13,120 --> 00:22:15,840
The oak is on the way

360
00:22:16,000 --> 00:22:17,640
to the Gualcarque River,

361
00:22:17,800 --> 00:22:19,600
well, on one of the access route

362
00:22:19,760 --> 00:22:24,160
It is where DESA built a road
on which to move

363
00:22:24,320 --> 00:22:26,920
all the equipment and pipes...

364
00:22:27,080 --> 00:22:29,480
everything needed for the dam pr

365
00:22:30,040 --> 00:22:31,520
The taking of the oak

366
00:22:31,680 --> 00:22:34,720
is looked back on
as a very important action

367
00:22:34,880 --> 00:22:37,520
not only in defence of the right
of Río Blanco,

368
00:22:37,680 --> 00:22:39,200
but those of the Lenca too.

369
00:22:39,360 --> 00:22:43,800
Before the dam,
our communities were so healthy

370
00:22:43,960 --> 00:22:45,480
that there was no violence.

371
00:22:45,640 --> 00:22:49,480
We had no reason to believe
the dam would be good for us.

372
00:22:49,640 --> 00:22:53,200
The press played a role
in cleaning up DESA's image.

373
00:22:53,600 --> 00:22:56,040
The mainstream media

374
00:22:56,200 --> 00:22:59,360
claimed that the violence stemme
from COPINH,

375
00:22:59,520 --> 00:23:01,600
that the protests were part of t

376
00:23:01,760 --> 00:23:04,920
and that the company was simply
defending its interests...

377
00:23:05,080 --> 00:23:06,640
entirely within the law.

378
00:23:07,360 --> 00:23:11,680
But we saw the financial backers
pulling out

379
00:23:11,840 --> 00:23:13,960
and the construction company
pulling out,

380
00:23:14,120 --> 00:23:18,120
which temporarily paralysed the

381
00:23:18,280 --> 00:23:20,880
This was a very serious blow
to the company.

382
00:23:21,040 --> 00:23:26,840
Hence my mother was nominated
for the Goldman Prize,

383
00:23:27,000 --> 00:23:29,840
for defending the Gualcarque Riv

384
00:23:41,520 --> 00:23:43,040
I was so nervous.

385
00:23:43,320 --> 00:23:44,760
I was watching her

386
00:23:44,920 --> 00:23:46,200
and I was shaking.

387
00:23:46,720 --> 00:23:50,880
Every step she took,
I was afraid she was going to fa

388
00:23:51,040 --> 00:23:52,320
What if she messed up?

389
00:23:53,880 --> 00:23:55,720
But I was so proud of her...

390
00:23:55,880 --> 00:23:58,600
The Gualcarque River called to u

391
00:23:58,760 --> 00:24:03,560
as do all the others that are
at serious risk around the world

392
00:24:04,040 --> 00:24:05,360
We must answer their call.

393
00:24:05,520 --> 00:24:08,360
I saw how moved she was in that

394
00:24:08,520 --> 00:24:10,520
I don't know if you can see it
in the video,

395
00:24:10,680 --> 00:24:13,520
but when she speaks of Río Blanc
and COPINH,

396
00:24:13,680 --> 00:24:14,880
her voice wavers.

397
00:24:15,040 --> 00:24:16,760
And my mum always kept it togeth

398
00:24:17,360 --> 00:24:20,560
I dedicate this award to all reb

399
00:24:20,720 --> 00:24:21,880
to my mother,

400
00:24:22,040 --> 00:24:23,680
to the Lenca people,

401
00:24:23,840 --> 00:24:25,200
to Río Blanco,

402
00:24:25,360 --> 00:24:26,600
to COPINH,

403
00:24:26,760 --> 00:24:31,200
to all those who sacrifice thems
in defence of our natural resour

404
00:24:31,360 --> 00:24:32,560
Many thanks.

405
00:24:45,360 --> 00:24:48,760
It was strange, I was filled wit

406
00:24:49,040 --> 00:24:52,760
but also with sadness.
It was...

407
00:24:52,920 --> 00:24:54,680
I didn't know what was wrong wit

408
00:24:54,840 --> 00:24:57,920
It was like I knew
that prize was going to get her

409
00:25:03,760 --> 00:25:08,760
When we decided to defend our te

410
00:25:09,400 --> 00:25:11,200
at the beginning,

411
00:25:11,560 --> 00:25:15,200
we would go to FUNAI to complain

412
00:25:15,360 --> 00:25:17,680
about the invasion of loggers,

413
00:25:17,840 --> 00:25:20,680
poachers, or whatever.

414
00:25:21,480 --> 00:25:26,120
But they told us
that our territory could not be

415
00:25:26,440 --> 00:25:29,840
that it was already completely l

416
00:25:30,000 --> 00:25:33,320
At first, there were six Guardia
per region.

417
00:25:33,480 --> 00:25:36,040
Then we expanded to 17.

418
00:25:37,520 --> 00:25:40,840
Now, there are 85 Guardians
of the Forest,

419
00:25:41,000 --> 00:25:45,240
doing this work,
monitoring the Territory,

420
00:25:45,400 --> 00:25:49,960
expelling poachers and loggers
from the land.

421
00:25:50,120 --> 00:25:53,160
We map all the entry points

422
00:25:53,320 --> 00:25:57,840
with coordinates,
and photos or videos

423
00:25:58,000 --> 00:26:00,240
that identify the people involve

424
00:26:01,520 --> 00:26:03,760
And we also take

425
00:26:03,920 --> 00:26:08,040
all this information
to the Brazilian State.

426
00:26:08,200 --> 00:26:13,760
To FUNAI, the federal police,
the Public Prosecutor and IBAMA.

427
00:26:13,920 --> 00:26:19,560
We've been working to log inform
about environmental crimes.

428
00:26:19,720 --> 00:26:22,280
In Brazil,
people identify as Indigenous,

429
00:26:22,440 --> 00:26:24,400
and this is a relatively recent

430
00:26:24,560 --> 00:26:26,000
by self-declaration.

431
00:26:26,280 --> 00:26:28,600
So, Indigenous identity must be
respected.

432
00:26:29,160 --> 00:26:32,240
The Guajajara people do have con
with the outside world,

433
00:26:32,400 --> 00:26:34,400
but this is due

434
00:26:34,560 --> 00:26:38,080
to the colonisation
that took place there,

435
00:26:38,240 --> 00:26:40,640
which forced them into this cont

436
00:26:40,800 --> 00:26:44,760
Yet the isolated Awá live within
the Araribóia Indigenous Territo

437
00:26:44,920 --> 00:26:48,200
They know of the existence
of the outside world,

438
00:26:48,360 --> 00:26:50,240
but want nothing to do with it.

439
00:26:50,400 --> 00:26:54,360
They are considered the most thr
Indigenous people on the planet.

440
00:27:00,680 --> 00:27:04,600
We call them the original people
the free people.

441
00:27:04,760 --> 00:27:09,560
Not us. We're already prisoners,
dominated by the state.

442
00:27:10,560 --> 00:27:12,800
We've learnt to eat sugar,

443
00:27:12,960 --> 00:27:14,840
white people's things like that.

444
00:27:15,560 --> 00:27:18,160
We're dominated.
Enslaved, you could say.

445
00:27:18,320 --> 00:27:21,360
Not them.
The Awá are free, totally free.

446
00:27:21,520 --> 00:27:26,680
If we hadn't pulled together
to fight this for the Awá,

447
00:27:26,840 --> 00:27:28,640
I think it would be over already

448
00:27:28,800 --> 00:27:34,240
The Brazilian State discriminate
against our collective work.

449
00:27:35,240 --> 00:27:36,440
We're not outlaws,

450
00:27:36,600 --> 00:27:37,880
we're not a militia,

451
00:27:38,040 --> 00:27:40,040
we're family people.

452
00:27:40,440 --> 00:27:42,240
I have a house, I have a name,

453
00:27:42,400 --> 00:27:44,440
I have identity papers.

454
00:27:44,600 --> 00:27:47,560
I don't see myself as an outlaw.

455
00:27:47,720 --> 00:27:50,480
We just ask for our lives
to be respected,

456
00:27:50,640 --> 00:27:52,840
and the lives of future generati

457
00:27:53,480 --> 00:27:56,240
Several studies have shown

458
00:27:56,400 --> 00:27:58,800
that Indigenous people
on Indigenous land,

459
00:27:58,960 --> 00:28:02,080
or communities
in other protected territories,

460
00:28:02,400 --> 00:28:05,160
are the best defenders of the fo

461
00:28:05,320 --> 00:28:09,440
And if you look at satellite ima
you can see this contrast:

462
00:28:09,600 --> 00:28:12,440
where there is Indigenous land,
it's really green.

463
00:28:12,600 --> 00:28:14,800
The surrounding area? Deforested

464
00:28:14,960 --> 00:28:17,040
The Araribóia Indigenous Territo

465
00:28:17,200 --> 00:28:20,120
is a striking example.
It's a green island

466
00:28:20,280 --> 00:28:22,720
in the middle of a sea of defore

467
00:28:38,160 --> 00:28:42,200
We urgently need to clear
all the dead wood left by the lo

468
00:28:42,360 --> 00:28:45,640
Not only can we not reforest the

469
00:28:45,800 --> 00:28:48,280
because of all the wood
that's lying around,

470
00:28:48,560 --> 00:28:50,680
but it could also cause
an unstoppable fire.

471
00:28:51,960 --> 00:28:56,480
They come in, destroy and leave:
with impunity in Mexico's Water

472
00:28:56,640 --> 00:29:01,560
When he was appointed
by the community

473
00:29:01,880 --> 00:29:05,600
as head of community farmland,

474
00:29:05,920 --> 00:29:09,920
the Water Forest was facing
a big threat:

475
00:29:10,080 --> 00:29:12,240
illegal logging.

476
00:29:12,400 --> 00:29:14,280
There is a lot of irregular logg

477
00:29:14,440 --> 00:29:16,600
The smallholders, collective lan

478
00:29:16,760 --> 00:29:19,280
leaders, peasants
and Indigenous, like Ildefonso,

479
00:29:19,440 --> 00:29:23,520
opposed the loggers' powerful in
by denouncing the logging.

480
00:29:31,120 --> 00:29:35,680
These loggers,
who have always acted illegally,

481
00:29:35,840 --> 00:29:41,760
but who used to do it
in a pretty unsophisticated way,

482
00:29:42,320 --> 00:29:45,560
are now part of criminal chains

483
00:29:45,720 --> 00:29:49,440
that are more sophisticated,
more dangerous and more violent.

484
00:29:55,800 --> 00:29:58,720
These loggers are always heavily

485
00:29:58,880 --> 00:30:03,000
People are going to discover thi
and need to discover it.

486
00:30:03,360 --> 00:30:05,920
We are being threatened,
but we accept God's will.

487
00:30:06,080 --> 00:30:06,960
It is our destiny.

488
00:30:07,120 --> 00:30:09,240
Illegal logging is another activ

489
00:30:09,400 --> 00:30:11,680
that is often linked to organise

490
00:30:12,320 --> 00:30:17,760
It can only happen if local auth
and police turn a blind eye.

491
00:30:17,920 --> 00:30:21,400
They allow trucks loaded
with illegal timber to pass.

492
00:30:21,560 --> 00:30:24,880
Even authorities at a higher lev

493
00:30:25,040 --> 00:30:28,880
We are always checked rigorously
in our vehicles,

494
00:30:29,240 --> 00:30:30,960
but the loggers...

495
00:30:31,120 --> 00:30:34,040
they drive around in their cars
free of checks.

496
00:30:34,200 --> 00:30:37,600
Trucks come by loaded with timbe
and they look the other way,

497
00:30:37,760 --> 00:30:38,880
letting them pass.

498
00:30:39,040 --> 00:30:40,360
On one occasion,

499
00:30:40,840 --> 00:30:43,400
there was a mass rally

500
00:30:43,560 --> 00:30:46,800
to denounce this activity.

501
00:30:47,080 --> 00:30:48,840
To put pressure on the governmen

502
00:30:49,000 --> 00:30:52,440
to pay attention

503
00:30:52,600 --> 00:30:54,560
to such crimes in this area.

504
00:30:54,720 --> 00:30:59,840
I remember that one of the peopl
who helped my father spread the

505
00:31:00,000 --> 00:31:02,880
was the journalist Leonardo Ferr

506
00:31:03,040 --> 00:31:04,280
They called me and said:

507
00:31:04,440 --> 00:31:08,040
'Hey, we're going to set up a bi
with blankets,

508
00:31:08,200 --> 00:31:10,560
which will be visible
from a helicopter.

509
00:31:10,720 --> 00:31:12,840
And this SOS

510
00:31:13,000 --> 00:31:16,280
will be placed in one of the Sta
of Mexico's most logged regions.

511
00:31:16,840 --> 00:31:19,000
He asked me if I wanted to cover
I did.

512
00:31:19,160 --> 00:31:23,120
Then, with the help of the commu
they took us to this area

513
00:31:24,680 --> 00:31:28,800
and we put up a giant sign.

514
00:31:28,960 --> 00:31:31,360
I can't recall its exact size,
but it was huge.

515
00:31:31,520 --> 00:31:36,160
When we arrived with my camera c
to film the event,

516
00:31:36,320 --> 00:31:40,360
an old van pulled up.

517
00:31:40,520 --> 00:31:44,160
And driving that blue van
with its peeling paint

518
00:31:44,320 --> 00:31:47,480
was a community farmer.

519
00:31:48,000 --> 00:31:51,680
He got out and introduced himsel
as Ildefonso Zamora,

520
00:31:51,840 --> 00:31:56,520
president of San Juan Atzingo's
association of community farmers

521
00:31:56,680 --> 00:31:58,440
Ildefonso had recently

522
00:31:58,600 --> 00:32:01,480
complained to the federal author

523
00:32:01,640 --> 00:32:03,200
about indiscriminate logging.

524
00:32:03,360 --> 00:32:04,840
They are still at work,

525
00:32:05,000 --> 00:32:07,440
transporting their haul by night
to Morelos.

526
00:32:07,600 --> 00:32:10,160
They are making a mockery of us.

527
00:32:10,520 --> 00:32:12,840
They may not be bringing out
10 or 12 trucks a day,

528
00:32:13,000 --> 00:32:16,240
but they're still bringing out
six, four, two...

529
00:32:16,400 --> 00:32:19,560
They are logging from 1am until

530
00:32:19,720 --> 00:32:23,280
We did a lot of flyovers with th

531
00:32:23,560 --> 00:32:26,760
to show them the dire state
of the forest.

532
00:32:26,920 --> 00:32:30,120
Ildefonso accompanied us
on many of these flights

533
00:32:30,280 --> 00:32:33,640
to explain the situation to the

534
00:32:33,800 --> 00:32:36,080
While we were working with them,

535
00:32:36,240 --> 00:32:39,640
the huts they had built
were burned down.

536
00:32:39,800 --> 00:32:42,360
And there were strong confrontat

537
00:32:44,800 --> 00:32:47,800
between loggers
and members of the community,

538
00:32:47,960 --> 00:32:49,640
involving insults and weapons

539
00:32:49,800 --> 00:32:53,000
that they would brandish to thre

540
00:32:53,160 --> 00:32:56,040
It was a very, very difficult si

541
00:33:12,520 --> 00:33:14,320
At the end of 2015,

542
00:33:14,480 --> 00:33:17,720
it became clear that the company

543
00:33:17,880 --> 00:33:21,160
was going to press ahead
with building the dam.

544
00:33:21,320 --> 00:33:23,560
That it had no intention of stop

545
00:33:23,720 --> 00:33:27,800
In came the banks:
the Dutch FMO, the Finnish Finnf

546
00:33:27,960 --> 00:33:32,160
CABEI, the Central American Bank
for Economic Integration...

547
00:33:32,320 --> 00:33:34,640
In came Voith Hydro, a German co

548
00:33:34,800 --> 00:33:37,200
to enable the roll-out of this p

549
00:33:37,360 --> 00:33:40,640
that violated the rights
of the Lenca people.

550
00:33:41,360 --> 00:33:42,880
My mum realised

551
00:33:43,040 --> 00:33:46,000
that these so-called
counterinsurgency strategies

552
00:33:46,160 --> 00:33:48,600
were being employed in Río Blanc

553
00:33:48,760 --> 00:33:51,080
in an attempt to divide the comm

554
00:33:51,240 --> 00:33:53,480
to sow the seeds of terror,

555
00:33:53,640 --> 00:33:57,760
and to paralyse
the community's struggle.

556
00:33:57,920 --> 00:34:01,000
The community of Río Blanco sits
on the right bank of the river.

557
00:34:01,160 --> 00:34:05,360
They said it would no longer be
as they had moved to the other s

558
00:34:05,520 --> 00:34:09,480
The community's response?
'Yes, but it's still the same ri

559
00:34:18,400 --> 00:34:20,200
Under Berta Cáceres' leadership,

560
00:34:20,360 --> 00:34:21,920
COPINH and Río Blanco

561
00:34:22,080 --> 00:34:24,680
were going to stop
the Agua Zarca project again,

562
00:34:24,840 --> 00:34:26,800
stop the construction again.

563
00:34:26,960 --> 00:34:27,920
From that moment,

564
00:34:28,080 --> 00:34:30,240
David Castillo, the company's MD

565
00:34:30,400 --> 00:34:31,920
began to conspire

566
00:34:32,080 --> 00:34:36,400
with Douglas Bustillo,
the company's former head of sec

567
00:34:36,560 --> 00:34:38,280
to assassinate Berta Cáceres.

568
00:34:38,440 --> 00:34:41,880
As we understand it, that was
when the decision was taken to k

569
00:34:42,040 --> 00:34:43,440
The most dangerous thing in Hond

570
00:34:43,560 --> 00:34:44,880
something very real,

571
00:34:44,960 --> 00:34:47,640
which even I can say I feel,

572
00:34:47,760 --> 00:34:50,120
is the risk of losing your life.

573
00:34:50,480 --> 00:34:53,480
Of being physically or emotional

574
00:34:53,600 --> 00:34:57,520
In addition to a huge media camp
directed against us.

575
00:34:57,640 --> 00:35:01,080
Because being a female leader is
the same as being a male leader.

576
00:35:01,280 --> 00:35:03,240
The state, which is supposed to

577
00:35:03,920 --> 00:35:05,920
doubly fails to protect.

578
00:35:06,080 --> 00:35:08,200
First, it fails to protect
the Territory,

579
00:35:08,360 --> 00:35:11,560
hence all the mining,
logging and environmental damage

580
00:35:11,720 --> 00:35:13,160
affecting people's lives.

581
00:35:13,320 --> 00:35:15,240
Then it forces people

582
00:35:15,640 --> 00:35:18,280
to stand up and defend their hom

583
00:35:18,440 --> 00:35:19,680
and be killed for it.

584
00:35:22,880 --> 00:35:24,720
In the case of Berta,

585
00:35:24,880 --> 00:35:27,360
they ticked, in my opinion,
all the boxes

586
00:35:28,080 --> 00:35:31,800
of the counterinsurgency plan
methodology.

587
00:35:31,960 --> 00:35:34,680
They start by ignoring,

588
00:35:35,600 --> 00:35:37,280
trying to ignore,

589
00:35:37,440 --> 00:35:40,480
those who oppose the extractive

590
00:35:42,280 --> 00:35:45,280
When they don't manage to ignore

591
00:35:45,440 --> 00:35:47,840
maybe because they have some pow
some weight,

592
00:35:48,000 --> 00:35:49,520
they attempt

593
00:35:50,240 --> 00:35:53,480
to bribe that person or those gr

594
00:35:53,640 --> 00:35:55,880
with money, or privileges,

595
00:35:56,040 --> 00:35:59,760
or jobs, and so on.

596
00:36:00,240 --> 00:36:03,880
And when this doesn't work,
they move on to a third stage,

597
00:36:04,040 --> 00:36:05,680
the stigmatisation

598
00:36:07,520 --> 00:36:09,480
of the person or groups in quest

599
00:36:09,640 --> 00:36:11,560
Saying that they are unruly,

600
00:36:11,880 --> 00:36:13,920
they are anti-development,

601
00:36:14,480 --> 00:36:17,840
they have hidden interests,

602
00:36:18,160 --> 00:36:20,040
they are communists.

603
00:36:20,200 --> 00:36:24,440
When that doesn't succeed,
they move on to a fourth step,

604
00:36:24,600 --> 00:36:27,120
which is to criminalise the indi

605
00:36:27,280 --> 00:36:32,160
Berta Cáceres was even imprisone
in 2013.

606
00:36:32,320 --> 00:36:35,360
And when they don't get anywhere

607
00:36:35,520 --> 00:36:39,400
with silence, or bribery,
or stigmatisation, or criminalis

608
00:36:39,560 --> 00:36:41,120
they proceed to the final step,

609
00:36:41,400 --> 00:36:42,560
which is...

610
00:36:42,880 --> 00:36:44,320
physical elimination.

611
00:36:47,480 --> 00:36:49,680
The most difficult moments of my

612
00:36:49,840 --> 00:36:53,200
have involved losing a comrade-i

613
00:36:54,840 --> 00:36:58,360
When we lost Paulo Paulino.

614
00:36:58,840 --> 00:37:02,800
Paulo Paulino Guajajara was
a Guardian of the Forest,

615
00:37:03,360 --> 00:37:05,080
a brave guardian

616
00:37:05,240 --> 00:37:08,560
who was murdered in November 201

617
00:37:08,840 --> 00:37:10,120
I interviewed Paulo

618
00:37:10,960 --> 00:37:14,000
in late January, early February

619
00:37:14,160 --> 00:37:17,000
In that interview, he opened his

620
00:37:17,160 --> 00:37:19,720
telling me how alone they felt.

621
00:37:19,880 --> 00:37:21,320
And then he told me

622
00:37:21,480 --> 00:37:23,440
he was being threatened
and persecuted.

623
00:37:23,600 --> 00:37:26,840
There's a white man in the villa

624
00:37:27,000 --> 00:37:28,320
who has sworn to kill me.

625
00:37:28,480 --> 00:37:31,000
It's not even been a month

626
00:37:31,160 --> 00:37:33,360
since he came after me to kill m

627
00:37:33,520 --> 00:37:35,160
as I was defending the forest.

628
00:37:35,320 --> 00:37:37,200
Every time I talk about Paulo,

629
00:37:37,360 --> 00:37:39,480
it affects me.

630
00:37:39,640 --> 00:37:40,800
I feel...

631
00:37:41,760 --> 00:37:44,080
I feel a sense of longing.

632
00:37:48,520 --> 00:37:52,160
I try to keep it together,
but it's hard.

633
00:37:52,720 --> 00:37:54,360
It's been around five years now,

634
00:37:54,520 --> 00:37:57,160
and I think it's getting harder.
It never goes away.

635
00:37:57,320 --> 00:38:00,720
He walked me through the crime,

636
00:38:00,880 --> 00:38:05,160
telling me that he and Paulo had
to go hunting,

637
00:38:05,320 --> 00:38:08,320
because as Indigenous people,
they can do this,

638
00:38:08,880 --> 00:38:11,000
hunting for subsistence.

639
00:38:11,800 --> 00:38:13,280
So off they went

640
00:38:14,040 --> 00:38:18,400
to a really remote location,
close to where the Awá people li

641
00:38:18,560 --> 00:38:21,680
He said they didn't catch anythi
on the first night.

642
00:38:21,840 --> 00:38:23,080
They slept there,

643
00:38:23,240 --> 00:38:25,880
and they even heard the Awá...

644
00:38:26,040 --> 00:38:28,360
singing, whistling, and so on.

645
00:38:29,120 --> 00:38:31,680
And then the next day,

646
00:38:31,840 --> 00:38:34,320
they spotted these motorbikes,

647
00:38:34,480 --> 00:38:36,960
there, in a really inaccessible

648
00:38:37,120 --> 00:38:39,480
They knew those bikes were not
from their people.

649
00:38:39,640 --> 00:38:42,480
There were a lot of them.
Five, I think.

650
00:38:42,640 --> 00:38:44,920
The idea was to grab the motorbi

651
00:38:45,080 --> 00:38:47,840
and take them to the police,
or FUNAI, to report them.

652
00:38:48,000 --> 00:38:52,000
Because the only people
who can enter Indigenous territo

653
00:38:52,160 --> 00:38:54,520
are those authorised
by the Indigenous people

654
00:38:54,680 --> 00:38:58,080
or by FUNAI, the National Founda
for Indigenous Peoples.

655
00:38:58,800 --> 00:39:01,360
We hardly spoke to them.

656
00:39:02,200 --> 00:39:05,000
I said that we were surrounded
by Guardians.

657
00:39:05,160 --> 00:39:07,800
But I was bluffing.
It was just the two of us.

658
00:39:08,800 --> 00:39:10,640
They said they also surrounded u

659
00:39:11,480 --> 00:39:14,920
When I went to look behind a shr
to check if a poacher was coming

660
00:39:15,080 --> 00:39:18,040
I saw him take aim with his rifl
and pull the trigger.

661
00:39:18,680 --> 00:39:21,080
That's when it really kicked off

662
00:39:23,360 --> 00:39:25,000
I felt the impact.

663
00:39:26,080 --> 00:39:27,600
Here...

664
00:39:28,440 --> 00:39:31,440
I had a gun with me too.

665
00:39:31,600 --> 00:39:33,960
That gun was my salvation.

666
00:39:34,840 --> 00:39:36,720
I shot in their direction.

667
00:39:36,880 --> 00:39:40,320
They retreated, but kept sending
back at us...

668
00:39:40,480 --> 00:39:41,480
at me.

669
00:39:41,640 --> 00:39:42,960
So many shots...

670
00:39:43,800 --> 00:39:45,240
When I looked to one side,

671
00:39:45,400 --> 00:39:48,000
thinking that Paulo was right th
with me,

672
00:39:48,160 --> 00:39:50,040
I saw that he was already down.

673
00:39:50,720 --> 00:39:54,400
I don't think he'd even had time
to get a single shot in.

674
00:39:55,400 --> 00:39:58,720
I pulled him in close to me,
despite my injury.

675
00:39:58,880 --> 00:40:00,480
No idea how I found the strength

676
00:40:00,640 --> 00:40:03,480
I managed to drag him over to me
behind the tree.

677
00:40:04,240 --> 00:40:07,440
I kept looking at him, and shaki

678
00:40:07,600 --> 00:40:10,520
Then I noticed his colour had ch

679
00:40:10,680 --> 00:40:12,720
He looked different.

680
00:40:13,080 --> 00:40:15,600
He wasn't breathing,
he wasn't responsive.

681
00:40:16,240 --> 00:40:19,160
And I thought:
'They've killed my friend.'

682
00:40:19,560 --> 00:40:21,880
I was getting weaker too.

683
00:40:22,040 --> 00:40:23,840
I was losing a lot of blood.

684
00:40:24,440 --> 00:40:26,080
He was thinking:

685
00:40:26,480 --> 00:40:28,640
'I need to get to the village,

686
00:40:28,800 --> 00:40:31,840
I need to tell my people

687
00:40:32,000 --> 00:40:33,640
that they've killed Paulo.

688
00:40:33,800 --> 00:40:36,560
And we need to come back here
to get his body.

689
00:40:36,720 --> 00:40:39,800
Otherwise, they'll take him away

690
00:40:41,520 --> 00:40:43,880
I managed to escape.

691
00:40:44,040 --> 00:40:47,320
I collapsed a few times on the r
so weak and thirsty.

692
00:40:47,480 --> 00:40:49,520
It was a real struggle to get up

693
00:40:49,800 --> 00:40:53,720
And always looking over my shoul
to check the gunmen weren't...

694
00:40:54,040 --> 00:40:56,920
coming to finish me off.

695
00:40:57,720 --> 00:41:00,600
But, thank God,
I made it back to my village.

696
00:41:01,360 --> 00:41:06,480
Paulo's father, José Maria, was
who went to identify the body.

697
00:41:07,760 --> 00:41:10,640
He spoke to me about the pain he

698
00:41:11,200 --> 00:41:13,120
It was seven in the evening.

699
00:41:13,840 --> 00:41:15,360
I was already in bed

700
00:41:18,040 --> 00:41:21,040
when my son-in-law came to tell

701
00:41:21,960 --> 00:41:24,680
that Paulo had been killed.

702
00:41:25,160 --> 00:41:27,760
He'd been shot...

703
00:41:28,160 --> 00:41:29,760
near his ear.

704
00:41:30,240 --> 00:41:32,480
Once here,

705
00:41:32,640 --> 00:41:36,920
and they'd also shot him here,
right through him.

706
00:41:38,680 --> 00:41:41,280
I was in a panic.

707
00:41:41,920 --> 00:41:44,120
I had to get there.

708
00:41:44,280 --> 00:41:46,640
So I called the police

709
00:41:46,800 --> 00:41:50,320
and we got there at five in the

710
00:41:50,800 --> 00:41:52,440
I saw my son lying there.

711
00:41:53,000 --> 00:41:54,560
And I realised...

712
00:41:55,560 --> 00:41:59,000
They'd shot him here,

713
00:41:59,160 --> 00:42:01,280
they'd really messed him up.

714
00:42:10,600 --> 00:42:11,960
AND...

715
00:42:13,040 --> 00:42:16,600
His head was in such a state.

716
00:42:20,320 --> 00:42:25,160
We're painting our faces
because we're getting ready for

717
00:42:25,760 --> 00:42:28,240
We're going after the loggers.

718
00:42:28,400 --> 00:42:32,080
We're painting ourselves
a bit like jaguars.

719
00:42:32,240 --> 00:42:34,000
The spirit of the jaguar.

720
00:42:35,960 --> 00:42:37,920
He gave his life for the forest,

721
00:42:38,080 --> 00:42:39,760
he gave his life for the land,

722
00:42:39,920 --> 00:42:41,640
he gave his life for the water,

723
00:42:41,800 --> 00:42:43,400
and he gave his life for us.

724
00:42:43,560 --> 00:42:47,160
We consider Paulino
the symbol of our struggle

725
00:42:47,640 --> 00:42:50,080
over the last few years,

726
00:42:50,240 --> 00:42:53,040
when we've been fighting
this battle together.

727
00:42:55,440 --> 00:42:56,720
I'm quite emotional.

728
00:43:02,840 --> 00:43:04,560
I miss my son so much.

729
00:43:04,720 --> 00:43:06,520
I really miss him.

730
00:43:07,240 --> 00:43:09,640
His mother does too.

731
00:43:56,120 --> 00:43:59,960
It was a Tuesday.
15 May 2007.

732
00:44:00,320 --> 00:44:02,200
A normal day, like any other.

733
00:44:02,360 --> 00:44:05,480
We'd gone into the forest
to make firebreaks.

734
00:44:05,960 --> 00:44:08,120
We were on our way home,

735
00:44:08,280 --> 00:44:09,760
but before we got there,

736
00:44:10,120 --> 00:44:12,560
we were ambushed by a group of l

737
00:44:12,720 --> 00:44:15,720
We were chatting,
I was joking with my brother, la

738
00:44:15,880 --> 00:44:19,560
when suddenly a vehicle cut
in front of us,

739
00:44:19,720 --> 00:44:20,720
blocking our path.

740
00:44:20,880 --> 00:44:22,920
They got out, slashed our tyres,

741
00:44:23,080 --> 00:44:24,720
and forced us to get out.

742
00:44:24,880 --> 00:44:27,080
I thought they just wanted
to scare us,

743
00:44:27,240 --> 00:44:28,360
to spook us, you know.

744
00:44:28,520 --> 00:44:32,960
Or maybe to use us
to send a message to my father.

745
00:44:34,360 --> 00:44:38,320
So we got out,
and within seconds,

746
00:44:38,800 --> 00:44:41,480
my brother and I had been shot a

747
00:44:42,040 --> 00:44:44,720
Unfortunately,
he was not as lucky as I was.

748
00:44:44,880 --> 00:44:46,040
He died.

749
00:44:46,320 --> 00:44:48,360
I was seriously injured.

750
00:44:51,480 --> 00:44:54,880
It was all so quick, so unexpect

751
00:44:55,200 --> 00:44:58,160
Such a cowardly act.

752
00:44:59,000 --> 00:45:03,760
Who would attack two boys like t

753
00:45:04,160 --> 00:45:07,800
I was just a kid.
Just 15 years old.

754
00:45:10,800 --> 00:45:13,240
That was a major turning point
in my life.

755
00:45:13,800 --> 00:45:17,520
An unexpected twist for my famil

756
00:45:18,000 --> 00:45:21,000
for my father's struggle.

757
00:45:21,520 --> 00:45:23,400
I don't even want to think about

758
00:45:24,120 --> 00:45:25,160
how hard it hit him.

759
00:45:25,320 --> 00:45:26,840
They hadn't come to talk.

760
00:45:27,520 --> 00:45:29,280
They'd come to attack us, to kil

761
00:45:31,200 --> 00:45:32,560
Why?

762
00:45:32,720 --> 00:45:33,760
Well...

763
00:45:35,120 --> 00:45:37,600
Because we were Ildefonso Zamora

764
00:45:38,000 --> 00:45:39,920
and he was denouncing the loggin

765
00:45:40,320 --> 00:45:44,360
It was an intense pain,
one that is still with us.

766
00:45:48,400 --> 00:45:51,800
When we buried Aldo,
Misael was in hospital.

767
00:45:51,960 --> 00:45:55,080
He was fighting for his life,

768
00:45:55,240 --> 00:45:57,600
as the injuries he'd suffered
were very serious.

769
00:45:57,760 --> 00:45:59,200
It's a miracle I'm still here.

770
00:46:00,160 --> 00:46:03,680
When the doctor showed me the X-

771
00:46:03,840 --> 00:46:05,400
so I could see the bullet hole,

772
00:46:05,560 --> 00:46:07,880
so I could see how serious it wa

773
00:46:08,040 --> 00:46:10,880
once I had regained consciousnes
after the operations,

774
00:46:11,640 --> 00:46:13,240
he said to me:

775
00:46:14,000 --> 00:46:16,200
'I don't know if you can,
but try to smile.'

776
00:46:17,280 --> 00:46:19,240
He showed me on the X-ray.

777
00:46:19,920 --> 00:46:23,720
There was no more than two milli
between the hole and my heart.

778
00:46:25,520 --> 00:46:26,880
That's what it came down to.

779
00:46:27,880 --> 00:46:29,400
That's...

780
00:46:30,560 --> 00:46:32,720
the difference between life and

781
00:46:33,080 --> 00:46:34,280
A fine line.

782
00:46:37,240 --> 00:46:38,400
I don't know...

783
00:46:40,400 --> 00:46:41,880
No one was expecting it.

784
00:46:42,040 --> 00:46:44,800
We never imagined
they would do such a thing.

785
00:46:46,000 --> 00:46:47,800
But we gave thanks to God

786
00:46:47,960 --> 00:46:50,240
because at least he lived.

787
00:46:53,480 --> 00:46:54,680
This is urgent!

788
00:46:54,840 --> 00:46:57,720
The focus must be
on catching the killers.

789
00:47:00,360 --> 00:47:03,040
Sadly, in many of these cases,

790
00:47:03,200 --> 00:47:06,400
what follows an act of aggressio

791
00:47:06,560 --> 00:47:09,120
or, in the worst-case scenario,
a murder,

792
00:47:09,280 --> 00:47:11,320
is a story of impunity.

793
00:47:11,480 --> 00:47:13,720
And this sends the message

794
00:47:13,880 --> 00:47:17,880
that violence against environmen
is accepted and tolerated.

795
00:47:18,040 --> 00:47:21,320
Only two of the perpetrators
were arrested.

796
00:47:21,480 --> 00:47:23,280
The key figures remain at large.

797
00:47:23,440 --> 00:47:27,480
Unfortunately, the actual killer
not yet been apprehended.

798
00:47:27,960 --> 00:47:30,960
This is why we continue
to demand justice

799
00:47:31,120 --> 00:47:34,200
from the state government
and the federal government.

800
00:47:35,880 --> 00:47:38,360
And in spite of this death,

801
00:47:38,840 --> 00:47:40,280
we will fight on.

802
00:47:40,440 --> 00:47:42,040
I met Ildefonso.

803
00:47:42,680 --> 00:47:44,240
'Leonardo,' he said,

804
00:47:44,400 --> 00:47:46,560
'They carried through on their t

805
00:47:46,720 --> 00:47:49,320
They targeted my two sons

806
00:47:49,480 --> 00:47:51,400
because they knew where to hit m

807
00:47:51,560 --> 00:47:54,120
where it would hurt the most.'

808
00:47:54,280 --> 00:47:56,600
I asked if he knew who they were
He replied:

809
00:47:57,280 --> 00:48:00,760
'Of course I do. They're the peo
we reported to the authorities,

810
00:48:01,080 --> 00:48:03,320
who did absolutely nothing
to stop them.'

811
00:48:07,760 --> 00:48:10,640
The murder of Aldo Zamora,
Ildefonso's son,

812
00:48:10,800 --> 00:48:13,560
caused a national and internatio
scandal.

813
00:48:13,720 --> 00:48:16,560
Finally, we had...

814
00:48:17,520 --> 00:48:20,880
the ear of the President,
who was at that time Felipe Cald

815
00:48:21,040 --> 00:48:22,480
Calderón decorated him.

816
00:48:23,040 --> 00:48:25,600
That same year that Aldo was mur

817
00:48:25,760 --> 00:48:28,800
they gave him
the Ecological Merit Award.

818
00:48:28,960 --> 00:48:31,320
At that time, this was, I'd say,

819
00:48:31,480 --> 00:48:34,960
the most important honour bestow
by the federal government.

820
00:48:35,120 --> 00:48:37,800
The same agencies

821
00:48:37,960 --> 00:48:40,240
that had been ignoring my father
for years

822
00:48:40,400 --> 00:48:44,160
were now giving him priority tre

823
00:48:45,120 --> 00:48:46,920
There began to be some operation

824
00:48:47,240 --> 00:48:49,760
by presidential order,

825
00:48:50,440 --> 00:48:53,760
that brought a greater military
to that area.

826
00:48:53,920 --> 00:48:57,000
For a while,
things seemed to calm down...

827
00:48:57,160 --> 00:48:59,360
There was a lot less illegal log

828
00:48:59,520 --> 00:49:03,440
Illegal logging was halted for m
maybe even years.

829
00:49:03,600 --> 00:49:06,240
But then normal service resumed,

830
00:49:06,400 --> 00:49:11,000
and the decision-makers
lost interest again.

831
00:49:11,360 --> 00:49:12,400
Therefore...

832
00:49:12,760 --> 00:49:15,760
the local powers got back to bus

833
00:49:15,920 --> 00:49:17,120
with total impunity.

834
00:49:29,480 --> 00:49:34,000
On 2 March, a group of four peop
four men,

835
00:49:34,160 --> 00:49:36,760
travelled from the north coast
of Honduras

836
00:49:36,920 --> 00:49:39,960
to the city of La Esperanza.

837
00:49:42,480 --> 00:49:45,680
That same day,
there was an event here in Utopi

838
00:49:46,280 --> 00:49:49,920
Berta's Mexican comrade, Gustavo
was paying her a visit.

839
00:49:50,080 --> 00:49:52,800
She had invited me, so I went.

840
00:49:52,960 --> 00:49:57,160
It was for a workshop that was s
to last around three days.

841
00:49:58,640 --> 00:49:59,960
It only lasted one.

842
00:50:01,360 --> 00:50:03,920
They put me up in the 'Healing H

843
00:50:04,760 --> 00:50:07,920
which was run by COPINH.
A structure for women.

844
00:50:08,760 --> 00:50:10,320
Berta told me:

845
00:50:10,480 --> 00:50:14,520
'You can't stay here on your own
Come to stay at my place tomorro

846
00:50:15,240 --> 00:50:17,200
So we went to her house.

847
00:50:33,080 --> 00:50:35,800
When we got to her place,

848
00:50:35,960 --> 00:50:37,960
we sat outside on the porch

849
00:50:38,120 --> 00:50:39,680
and chatted for a while.

850
00:50:41,600 --> 00:50:43,560
Then she started to seem tired.

851
00:50:44,560 --> 00:50:47,920
I was already in my room

852
00:50:48,080 --> 00:50:51,080
when it all kicked off.

853
00:50:55,760 --> 00:50:57,480
I heard a loud bang

854
00:50:57,640 --> 00:50:59,600
and didn't know what it was.

855
00:51:01,000 --> 00:51:03,120
Berta shouted: 'Who's there?'

856
00:51:04,600 --> 00:51:08,080
Then one of the thugs came in
and pointed a gun in my face.

857
00:51:08,240 --> 00:51:09,120
I was...

858
00:51:10,400 --> 00:51:11,520
lying down,

859
00:51:12,080 --> 00:51:14,400
and this guy was
about a metre and a half away.

860
00:51:14,560 --> 00:51:17,120
That's when I heard the shots.

861
00:51:17,600 --> 00:51:19,920
Three or four gunshots.

862
00:51:22,160 --> 00:51:25,400
I obviously assumed
they'd come for Berta.

863
00:51:25,720 --> 00:51:28,880
At that point,
I threw myself to the ground

864
00:51:29,040 --> 00:51:33,000
to try to evade any shots
from the hitman.

865
00:51:33,520 --> 00:51:34,800
Then he did this.

866
00:51:34,960 --> 00:51:36,800
And I did this,

867
00:51:37,680 --> 00:51:41,280
a millisecond before he fired.

868
00:51:41,440 --> 00:51:45,560
The bullet just grazed me,
wounding my hand and my ear.

869
00:51:46,560 --> 00:51:49,200
The blood spurted out, and he ra

870
00:51:52,440 --> 00:51:55,600
It was like someone had grabbed
and made me move,

871
00:51:55,760 --> 00:51:56,840
because it wasn't me.

872
00:51:57,480 --> 00:51:58,760
I've never understood it.

873
00:51:58,920 --> 00:52:00,040
It was like...

874
00:52:00,440 --> 00:52:02,600
like an existential question.

875
00:52:06,720 --> 00:52:08,280
Someone was telling me:

876
00:52:09,480 --> 00:52:12,360
'Gustavo, Berta chose you.

877
00:52:14,000 --> 00:52:15,080
So you'd survive,

878
00:52:15,240 --> 00:52:18,480
and bear witness to everything
that happened.'

879
00:52:19,840 --> 00:52:22,960
Just seconds later,

880
00:52:23,280 --> 00:52:26,640
Berta called for me from her roo
'Gustavo, Gustavo!'

881
00:52:27,440 --> 00:52:29,840
I think she was more worried for
than herself.

882
00:52:31,560 --> 00:52:35,880
That's when I pulled myself toge
and went looking for her.

883
00:52:36,560 --> 00:52:38,840
I found her lying on the floor.

884
00:52:40,200 --> 00:52:43,960
That was really difficult,

885
00:52:44,120 --> 00:52:46,400
really painful, because...

886
00:52:47,080 --> 00:52:49,360
it's like desperation

887
00:52:49,520 --> 00:52:51,840
mixed with great fear

888
00:52:52,000 --> 00:52:54,840
to feel helpless like that,
to feel alone,

889
00:52:55,000 --> 00:52:56,680
and to not know what to do.

890
00:52:57,480 --> 00:52:59,360
So I grabbed her and said:

891
00:52:59,520 --> 00:53:02,040
'Bertita, Bertita, stay with me.

892
00:53:02,360 --> 00:53:04,560
But in the end, you realise

893
00:53:04,840 --> 00:53:06,800
the best thing to do is
to say goodbye,

894
00:53:06,960 --> 00:53:09,760
because there's nothing else you

895
00:53:12,200 --> 00:53:15,240
Within minutes,
she had drawn her last breath.

896
00:53:17,440 --> 00:53:19,960
I went back to my room

897
00:53:20,120 --> 00:53:23,240
to message for help.

898
00:53:33,400 --> 00:53:34,680
There are no words for it.

899
00:53:34,840 --> 00:53:39,480
Only someone who has received ne
like that in the middle of the n

900
00:53:39,640 --> 00:53:42,160
could possibly understand
how much a mother

901
00:53:42,720 --> 00:53:45,000
suffers from such cruel news.

902
00:53:45,160 --> 00:53:47,560
And the miserable,

903
00:53:47,720 --> 00:53:50,520
horrible way she was murdered...

904
00:53:53,920 --> 00:53:57,200
It was my partner who took the c

905
00:53:57,360 --> 00:54:00,200
He didn't say a word,
just passed me the phone.

906
00:54:00,360 --> 00:54:02,040
It was my uncle, Juan.

907
00:54:02,200 --> 00:54:06,640
He said: 'Sweetie, your mother h
murdered in her home.'

908
00:54:06,800 --> 00:54:08,520
I said: 'No, it can't be true.

909
00:54:09,040 --> 00:54:09,840
It can't be.'

910
00:54:10,000 --> 00:54:11,520
He said yes and started to cry.

911
00:54:12,400 --> 00:54:14,200
At that moment,

912
00:54:14,880 --> 00:54:16,720
as he was talking,
my mind was racing.

913
00:54:18,320 --> 00:54:20,960
I was asking myself
what we were going to do.

914
00:54:21,120 --> 00:54:22,960
That was my first thought.

915
00:54:24,120 --> 00:54:26,800
They woke me up and said:

916
00:54:27,200 --> 00:54:30,000
'Hi Laura,
we have something to tell you.

917
00:54:30,360 --> 00:54:32,120
There was a break-in
at your mum's house.'

918
00:54:32,280 --> 00:54:33,960
'But Mum's OK, right?'

919
00:54:34,520 --> 00:54:35,560
'No, darling,

920
00:54:36,160 --> 00:54:37,520
your mum is dead.'

921
00:54:37,800 --> 00:54:39,240
No.

922
00:54:41,000 --> 00:54:43,320
Impossible.
No, no, it can't be true.

923
00:54:44,400 --> 00:54:46,360
How could they kill Berta? How?

924
00:54:48,720 --> 00:54:50,040
I went to the radio station.

925
00:54:50,200 --> 00:54:53,080
This is Radio Progresso...

926
00:54:53,920 --> 00:54:57,280
I had to break the news.

927
00:54:57,440 --> 00:54:59,880
I had to announce it myself.

928
00:55:00,440 --> 00:55:02,640
That Berta Cáceres had been kill

929
00:55:02,800 --> 00:55:05,200
I had to gather my strength
to get the words out.

930
00:55:11,520 --> 00:55:12,360
My mum,

931
00:55:13,600 --> 00:55:15,320
she was dead.

932
00:55:15,480 --> 00:55:19,240
And the media treated it
like a tabloid story.

933
00:55:21,720 --> 00:55:24,200
Never in my life had I seen

934
00:55:24,360 --> 00:55:26,440
a funeral on the scale of hers.

935
00:55:26,600 --> 00:55:31,400
Indigenous people came from Guat
from Mexico, from El Salvador,

936
00:55:31,560 --> 00:55:32,920
from all around the world.

937
00:55:33,080 --> 00:55:34,760
All the Lenca people.

938
00:55:34,920 --> 00:55:37,800
Eramani people from here too,
from Intibucá,

939
00:55:37,960 --> 00:55:39,760
and from all over Honduras.

940
00:55:41,600 --> 00:55:42,520
I felt...

941
00:55:43,800 --> 00:55:44,840
supported.

942
00:55:47,560 --> 00:55:49,440
In my heart, she did not die,

943
00:55:49,600 --> 00:55:51,280
she just multiplied.

944
00:55:53,280 --> 00:55:54,640
For me, it was...

945
00:55:54,920 --> 00:55:57,240
one of the most stirring experie
of my life.

946
00:55:57,400 --> 00:55:59,960
Berta Cáceres is with us!

947
00:56:00,120 --> 00:56:01,880
Today, tomorrow and forever!

948
00:56:02,040 --> 00:56:03,280
All we had to do was

949
00:56:04,560 --> 00:56:08,120
connect Berta up with all the sp

950
00:56:09,000 --> 00:56:12,160
and all the ancestors in the uni

951
00:56:12,560 --> 00:56:14,760
who go ahead of us
to guide us on our way.

952
00:56:57,040 --> 00:57:00,520
They had no longer just killed a

953
00:57:00,960 --> 00:57:03,800
and indignation began to build.

954
00:57:12,720 --> 00:57:17,080
On 20 November,
after celebrating the parade

955
00:57:17,240 --> 00:57:19,240
to mark the Mexican Revolution,

956
00:57:19,400 --> 00:57:20,880
my father was in his office

957
00:57:21,040 --> 00:57:25,320
when a platoon of police arrived
from the Public Prosecutor's Off

958
00:57:25,480 --> 00:57:28,880
to tell him they had an arrest w
and had to take him in.

959
00:57:29,360 --> 00:57:30,720
So he was taken away.

960
00:57:30,880 --> 00:57:34,400
Witnesses say there was hitting
and pushing and shoving,

961
00:57:34,560 --> 00:57:36,680
and he was pushed off a staircas

962
00:57:37,160 --> 00:57:39,040
leading up to the first floor.

963
00:57:40,040 --> 00:57:42,280
He was taken, very badly beaten,

964
00:57:42,440 --> 00:57:46,920
to the court of Tenancingo
in the State of Mexico,

965
00:57:47,080 --> 00:57:49,560
which is our judicial district.

966
00:57:49,720 --> 00:57:51,440
They claimed he'd burgled a hous

967
00:57:51,760 --> 00:57:54,880
one in his own street,
in his own village.

968
00:57:55,040 --> 00:57:59,680
They invented a reason to lock h
and they locked him up.

969
00:57:59,840 --> 00:58:03,600
There was ample evidence that Il
could not have been involved

970
00:58:03,760 --> 00:58:06,280
in the crime they were accusing

971
00:58:06,440 --> 00:58:08,840
It's the same old story, here in

972
00:58:09,000 --> 00:58:11,160
When they locked him up,

973
00:58:11,600 --> 00:58:14,560
he had a wound on his right thum

974
00:58:15,240 --> 00:58:17,000
For someone with diabetes,

975
00:58:17,160 --> 00:58:20,560
a wound can be very dangerous.

976
00:58:21,760 --> 00:58:25,080
And in prison conditions,

977
00:58:25,240 --> 00:58:26,840
even more so.

978
00:58:27,000 --> 00:58:28,400
The first night,

979
00:58:29,000 --> 00:58:32,520
a young inmate came up
to him

980
00:58:32,680 --> 00:58:35,000
where he slept,
and gave him some cardboard.

981
00:58:36,080 --> 00:58:40,000
The cell they shared

982
00:58:42,840 --> 00:58:44,240
was for eight people.

983
00:58:44,400 --> 00:58:48,360
There were even days and nights
when he had to sleep in the bath

984
00:58:49,520 --> 00:58:52,840
He began to decline, physically.

985
00:58:53,000 --> 00:58:55,800
He was there for months.
Nine or ten, I can't be sure.

986
00:58:55,960 --> 00:58:59,160
Behind the scenes,
we in the media were lobbying.

987
00:58:59,320 --> 00:59:02,200
We interviewed his family, his l

988
00:59:02,760 --> 00:59:03,880
I will not give up

989
00:59:04,040 --> 00:59:07,120
and I am very thankful
for all your support.

990
00:59:07,280 --> 00:59:09,000
God bless you.

991
00:59:10,040 --> 00:59:13,200
Don't forget about me!

992
00:59:13,360 --> 00:59:14,520
It's hard to believe

993
00:59:14,680 --> 00:59:18,160
that this community leader,
who has already had a son killed

994
00:59:18,760 --> 00:59:23,200
who has had no justice
as the perpetrators are on the r

995
00:59:23,360 --> 00:59:27,080
who received the National
Ecological Merit Award in 2007

996
00:59:27,240 --> 00:59:29,240
from the President of Mexico him

997
00:59:29,400 --> 00:59:31,880
is now, years later, behind bars

998
00:59:32,040 --> 00:59:33,200
We went to see him.

999
00:59:33,360 --> 00:59:38,080
When I met him,
he was as dignified as ever.

1000
00:59:38,240 --> 00:59:41,080
But he was also broken,
from being in prison.

1001
00:59:41,240 --> 00:59:43,960
I recall him being thinner, gaun

1002
00:59:44,120 --> 00:59:47,120
We went to see him with Héctor M
from Greenpeace.

1003
00:59:47,280 --> 00:59:49,480
Amnesty International was involv

1004
00:59:49,640 --> 00:59:52,840
as we had very quickly
sought them out to say

1005
00:59:53,000 --> 00:59:55,880
a case had clearly
been fabricated against him.

1006
00:59:56,040 --> 00:59:57,040


1007
00:59:57,200 --> 00:59:58,840
He was a prisoner of conscience

1008
00:59:59,000 --> 01:00:01,080
and Amnesty came to his defence.

1009
01:00:01,240 --> 01:00:02,360
Fortunately,

1010
01:00:02,520 --> 01:00:06,280
thanks to human rights organisat
such as the Center PRODH,

1011
01:00:06,440 --> 01:00:08,080
which provided legal advice,

1012
01:00:08,240 --> 01:00:12,200
and the public pressure we exert
through other bodies such as Gre

1013
01:00:12,360 --> 01:00:14,560
Ildefonso was eventually exonera

1014
01:00:20,000 --> 01:00:21,640
My imprisonment was unjust.

1015
01:00:21,800 --> 01:00:24,960
The charges were fabricated, inv

1016
01:00:25,120 --> 01:00:29,720
I would like to call on
the government of the State of M

1017
01:00:30,200 --> 01:00:34,200
to listen to me, to tend to my n
as a Mexican,

1018
01:00:34,480 --> 01:00:35,880
as a citizen of Mexico State,

1019
01:00:36,040 --> 01:00:37,440
as a citizen of Ocuilan,

1020
01:00:37,600 --> 01:00:39,000
and as a Tlahuica.

1021
01:00:39,160 --> 01:00:43,480
I think I deserve to have
my constitutional rights respect

1022
01:00:43,840 --> 01:00:47,120
to have my human rights respecte

1023
01:00:47,280 --> 01:00:50,920
We were so happy to be together

1024
01:00:51,400 --> 01:00:55,720
to be reunited as a family in ou

1025
01:00:56,360 --> 01:00:58,800
But he did not leave prison
with the same strength,

1026
01:00:58,960 --> 01:01:02,560
and his diabetes began to worsen

1027
01:01:02,880 --> 01:01:05,680
We didn't think it would progres
so far or so fast.

1028
01:01:06,680 --> 01:01:09,120
He even showed great courage
when saying goodbye.

1029
01:01:09,280 --> 01:01:12,720
I think he knew
that his time had come...

1030
01:01:13,280 --> 01:01:16,480
He urged us to stay close as sib

1031
01:01:17,560 --> 01:01:19,240
and to take care of our mother.

1032
01:01:19,400 --> 01:01:21,560
By the end, he could no longer s

1033
01:01:22,560 --> 01:01:25,680
The last thing he asked for
was a soft drink.

1034
01:01:25,840 --> 01:01:27,640
He really wanted a soft drink.

1035
01:01:28,720 --> 01:01:30,160
And some crisps.

1036
01:01:32,640 --> 01:01:34,760
My father died waiting for justi

1037
01:01:57,480 --> 01:01:58,960
Without exception,

1038
01:01:59,120 --> 01:02:02,480
environmental defence takes plac

1039
01:02:02,640 --> 01:02:03,800
on the fringes,

1040
01:02:03,960 --> 01:02:08,520
in the communities
with the greatest biodiversity,

1041
01:02:08,680 --> 01:02:10,440
the greatest natural wealth.

1042
01:02:10,600 --> 01:02:12,920
The people who live in these are

1043
01:02:13,080 --> 01:02:16,760
are facing illegal action
by many powers:

1044
01:02:16,920 --> 01:02:20,640
economic powers,
sometimes governmental powers,

1045
01:02:20,800 --> 01:02:23,200
sometimes also the powers
of the drug trade.

1046
01:02:23,360 --> 01:02:26,880
Many of these crimes and aggress

1047
01:02:27,040 --> 01:02:29,280
against defenders have gone unpu

1048
01:02:29,440 --> 01:02:30,440
The vast majority.

1049
01:02:30,600 --> 01:02:33,080
Very few of them have been inves

1050
01:02:33,240 --> 01:02:37,800
There is no truly
independent justice system.

1051
01:02:38,360 --> 01:02:40,200
The system can be manipulated

1052
01:02:40,360 --> 01:02:42,880
for the benefit of a handful of

1053
01:02:43,040 --> 01:02:45,480
who enjoy some degree of power

1054
01:02:45,640 --> 01:02:49,280
and can get rid
of those who oppose its abuse.

1055
01:02:54,720 --> 01:02:56,600
After Paulo was murdered,

1056
01:02:56,760 --> 01:03:00,440
other Guardians were murdered,
other Guajajara were murdered.

1057
01:03:00,600 --> 01:03:03,120
Other Indigenous in Brazil too.
Yet nothing is done.

1058
01:03:03,680 --> 01:03:04,760
This needs to stop.

1059
01:03:04,920 --> 01:03:08,000
Many murders aren't even investi

1060
01:03:08,160 --> 01:03:09,680
no case even opened.

1061
01:03:10,000 --> 01:03:13,640
Or a case is opened,
but procedures are not followed.

1062
01:03:14,520 --> 01:03:16,880
Why are these crimes not investi

1063
01:03:17,800 --> 01:03:21,760
In the case of Indigenous people
I can tell you from experience,

1064
01:03:21,920 --> 01:03:24,040
having covered this for eight ye

1065
01:03:24,800 --> 01:03:26,840
that there's a lot of prejudice
out there,

1066
01:03:27,320 --> 01:03:29,360
including among the authorities.

1067
01:03:29,520 --> 01:03:31,920
I've never seen a white person

1068
01:03:32,080 --> 01:03:35,800
who's killed one of us Indigenou
go to jail.

1069
01:03:35,960 --> 01:03:37,000
Never.

1070
01:03:37,360 --> 01:03:40,720
That's why white people can kill

1071
01:03:40,880 --> 01:03:42,400
Because there's no justice.

1072
01:03:42,680 --> 01:03:45,760
There are no legal consequences
for them.

1073
01:03:51,800 --> 01:03:54,360
We feel very isolated, unsupport

1074
01:03:54,520 --> 01:03:56,440
We really need help.

1075
01:03:56,600 --> 01:03:59,000
Because this is our land.

1076
01:03:59,720 --> 01:04:03,240
Paulo's case is a landmark case
in Brazil,

1077
01:04:03,400 --> 01:04:06,600
as it is the first case
to go before a federal judge.

1078
01:04:07,080 --> 01:04:08,200
Why is this?

1079
01:04:08,360 --> 01:04:10,920
Because murder is generally cons

1080
01:04:11,080 --> 01:04:12,760
a crime between two individuals.

1081
01:04:12,920 --> 01:04:14,960
So it goes to the state courts.

1082
01:04:15,120 --> 01:04:17,520
But the Federal Public
Prosecutor's Office

1083
01:04:18,840 --> 01:04:22,600
argued that Paulo's attack and m

1084
01:04:22,760 --> 01:04:26,440
represented an attack
against the Guajajara people as

1085
01:04:26,600 --> 01:04:28,000
This trial is fantastic.

1086
01:04:28,160 --> 01:04:32,040
This is the first time
in the Araribóia Indigenous Terr

1087
01:04:32,760 --> 01:04:36,040
that a crime of this type
will be judged.

1088
01:04:36,760 --> 01:04:39,400
It's historic.

1089
01:04:39,560 --> 01:04:41,760
And a victory too...

1090
01:04:42,320 --> 01:04:47,000
after waiting so long
for the white man's law to apply

1091
01:04:47,160 --> 01:04:48,640
That's why it's so important

1092
01:04:48,800 --> 01:04:51,240
for us to keep covering this cas

1093
01:04:51,400 --> 01:04:53,880
and to keep people updated
on what's happening,

1094
01:04:54,040 --> 01:04:56,960
to ensure the trial takes place
in the best possible way.

1095
01:04:57,120 --> 01:04:58,680
Not just for Paulo,

1096
01:04:58,840 --> 01:05:01,640
but as a signal against impunity

1097
01:05:02,040 --> 01:05:05,320
in cases of violence against
Indigenous people throughout Bra

1098
01:05:05,480 --> 01:05:08,880
Attacks on Indigenous rights in
are not only ongoing,

1099
01:05:09,040 --> 01:05:13,360
but also quite strong and overt,
especially in the National Congr

1100
01:05:13,520 --> 01:05:17,840
The Indigenous movement has been
bravely resisting them.

1101
01:05:18,920 --> 01:05:21,800
What we see is a movement
of various business leaders,

1102
01:05:21,960 --> 01:05:25,000
who are, of course, right-wing,

1103
01:05:25,160 --> 01:05:26,800
backers of the last government,

1104
01:05:26,960 --> 01:05:29,520
lobbyists in the National Congre

1105
01:05:29,680 --> 01:05:33,360
who want to see
these environmental laws relaxed

1106
01:05:33,640 --> 01:05:35,920
Here in Brazil, we've even dubbe

1107
01:05:36,080 --> 01:05:40,320
this attempt to pass laws
and constitutional amendments

1108
01:05:40,480 --> 01:05:42,800
as the 'package of destruction'.

1109
01:05:42,960 --> 01:05:45,920
There are some 30 or so bills

1110
01:05:46,080 --> 01:05:48,400
and draft amendments to the Cons

1111
01:05:48,920 --> 01:05:53,120
that attack our environmental po
in various ways,

1112
01:05:53,280 --> 01:05:57,440
and which are being forcibly pus
through the National Congress.

1113
01:05:58,680 --> 01:06:01,040
We have another president now,
President Lula,

1114
01:06:01,200 --> 01:06:05,120
who is trying to repair the dama
done before,

1115
01:06:05,280 --> 01:06:06,600
ensure more protection.

1116
01:06:06,760 --> 01:06:08,000
But it is a challenge

1117
01:06:08,160 --> 01:06:10,240
because the legacy remains.

1118
01:06:10,400 --> 01:06:14,600
How do we undo that four-year pe
of mass impunity?

1119
01:06:14,760 --> 01:06:18,200
Our democracy has lived
through a very dramatic moment.

1120
01:06:18,680 --> 01:06:20,120
Under Bolsonaro,

1121
01:06:20,920 --> 01:06:24,040
democracy was at risk
on various occasions,

1122
01:06:24,200 --> 01:06:25,360
and this culminated,

1123
01:06:25,520 --> 01:06:28,520
on 8 January,
after President Lula's inaugurat

1124
01:06:28,680 --> 01:06:30,240
in the orchestrated attacks

1125
01:06:30,400 --> 01:06:33,560
in Brasilia, on Three Powers Squ

1126
01:06:39,480 --> 01:06:43,960
Bolsonaro terrorists invade Cong
Presidential Palace and Supreme

1127
01:06:45,240 --> 01:06:49,720
Thousands of Bolsonaro supporter
government buildings in Brasilia

1128
01:06:49,880 --> 01:06:51,440
That was the culmination

1129
01:06:51,600 --> 01:06:55,480
of something
that had been built and nurtured

1130
01:06:55,640 --> 01:06:57,960
and which put our democracy at r

1131
01:06:58,120 --> 01:07:01,720
Fundamental and important actors
took part.

1132
01:07:02,120 --> 01:07:04,880
Actors that contributed
to Bolsonaro's success:

1133
01:07:05,040 --> 01:07:06,920
actors from the Armed Forces,

1134
01:07:07,080 --> 01:07:09,600
from fundamentalist religious gr

1135
01:07:09,760 --> 01:07:11,480
from agribusiness.

1136
01:07:11,640 --> 01:07:13,920
On 8 January, these various acto

1137
01:07:14,080 --> 01:07:17,840
apart from trying to stage a cou
made it very clear to the new go

1138
01:07:18,000 --> 01:07:21,240
that they did not simply wish
to turn the page.

1139
01:07:21,800 --> 01:07:24,400
Many people, in October 2022,

1140
01:07:25,360 --> 01:07:27,040
breathed a big sigh of relief,

1141
01:07:27,520 --> 01:07:29,600
as we thought we had won the ele

1142
01:07:30,360 --> 01:07:33,080
Now what we say is
that was the day

1143
01:07:33,640 --> 01:07:36,040
we changed the government,
but lost the election.

1144
01:07:36,800 --> 01:07:38,040
Brazil lost the election

1145
01:07:38,200 --> 01:07:41,000
as the election is taking place
in the National Congress.

1146
01:07:41,640 --> 01:07:47,080
And the National Congress is now
holding Lula hostage,

1147
01:07:47,480 --> 01:07:48,880
together with the army.

1148
01:07:49,440 --> 01:07:50,680
And...

1149
01:07:51,600 --> 01:07:53,800
I can't say we are living
in a permanent coup,

1150
01:07:53,960 --> 01:07:56,400
but we are living in a permanent

1151
01:07:56,720 --> 01:07:58,160
of institutional blackmail.

1152
01:08:02,080 --> 01:08:04,160
The first thing the authorities

1153
01:08:04,320 --> 01:08:07,200
that it was 'an affair gone wron

1154
01:08:07,360 --> 01:08:08,840
These are the words used

1155
01:08:09,000 --> 01:08:10,360
by the Security Secretary.

1156
01:08:10,520 --> 01:08:14,760
They even detained someone

1157
01:08:14,920 --> 01:08:18,480
who had been a former partner
of Berta Cáceres.

1158
01:08:18,640 --> 01:08:21,600
But, simultaneously, they were t

1159
01:08:21,760 --> 01:08:23,760
to link Berta's murder

1160
01:08:24,080 --> 01:08:25,920
to people within COPINH.

1161
01:08:26,080 --> 01:08:27,800
Many of her COPINH comrades,

1162
01:08:28,080 --> 01:08:29,720
including Gustavo Castro,

1163
01:08:29,880 --> 01:08:34,720
as he was with her
at the moment she was killed,

1164
01:08:35,520 --> 01:08:38,440
were being subjected
to lengthy interrogations.

1165
01:08:38,600 --> 01:08:40,880
They were constantly trying
to trip me up

1166
01:08:42,120 --> 01:08:45,720
as I was giving them a descripti

1167
01:08:45,880 --> 01:08:47,440
of the person I saw.

1168
01:08:50,480 --> 01:08:53,760
I told them what he looked like,
while they drew someone else.

1169
01:08:53,920 --> 01:08:55,360
I'd say: 'That's not right.'

1170
01:08:56,560 --> 01:08:57,880
So they would erase a bit

1171
01:08:58,160 --> 01:09:00,040
and start drawing again

1172
01:09:00,440 --> 01:09:02,760
as if they were doing it differe

1173
01:09:04,000 --> 01:09:05,560
But they just did the same again

1174
01:09:06,040 --> 01:09:08,080
I kept saying
that he didn't look like that,

1175
01:09:08,560 --> 01:09:10,400
that his eyes were more like thi

1176
01:09:11,720 --> 01:09:15,360
And then I realised
they were drawing someone from C

1177
01:09:15,520 --> 01:09:18,360
She won that prize, if I'm not m
in April 2015,

1178
01:09:18,520 --> 01:09:21,520
and less than a year later,
she was dead.

1179
01:09:21,680 --> 01:09:24,600
So the prize did help
to raise awareness,

1180
01:09:24,760 --> 01:09:28,440
internationally, of COPINH's,
Berta's and Río Blanco's struggl

1181
01:09:28,600 --> 01:09:31,720
But it certainly didn't stop the

1182
01:09:31,880 --> 01:09:36,600
Clearly they acted in this way
because they felt completely pro

1183
01:09:36,760 --> 01:09:39,560
They knew they could do
whatever they liked,

1184
01:09:39,960 --> 01:09:44,000
and none of the authorities,
not the justice system

1185
01:09:44,640 --> 01:09:47,240
nor the executive
or any other state authority,

1186
01:09:47,400 --> 01:09:51,440
were going to protect Berta Cáce
any more than the private compan

1187
01:09:51,600 --> 01:09:55,040
So they stopped investigating DE

1188
01:09:55,200 --> 01:09:59,080
the company
that had made the most threats.

1189
01:10:00,000 --> 01:10:02,880
They kept us out of the investig

1190
01:10:03,040 --> 01:10:04,600
they wouldn't tell us anything,

1191
01:10:04,760 --> 01:10:08,960
they carried out the investigati
behind closed doors.

1192
01:10:09,880 --> 01:10:11,240
The family and COPINH

1193
01:10:11,400 --> 01:10:13,200
put together a group of five peo

1194
01:10:13,360 --> 01:10:17,920
experts in criminal law,
experts in human rights investig

1195
01:10:18,640 --> 01:10:21,040
and this group managed to delve

1196
01:10:21,200 --> 01:10:26,000
It established that there was
a much broader criminal structur

1197
01:10:26,160 --> 01:10:29,360
than the Public Prosecutor's Off
had found,

1198
01:10:29,520 --> 01:10:32,080
and that it went all the way
to the top,

1199
01:10:32,240 --> 01:10:35,040
that is, to David Castillo,
and the owners of the company,

1200
01:10:35,200 --> 01:10:37,600
members of the Atala Zablah fami

1201
01:10:37,760 --> 01:10:41,160
And they also discovered
that this criminal structure

1202
01:10:41,320 --> 01:10:45,240
was being backed and supported
by other actors

1203
01:10:45,880 --> 01:10:46,920
within the state,

1204
01:10:47,560 --> 01:10:51,040
such as active military personne
ministers,

1205
01:10:51,200 --> 01:10:53,640
and even the President of the Re

1206
01:10:53,800 --> 01:10:56,560
because communications reached
that level.

1207
01:10:57,120 --> 01:10:58,080
And that's not all.

1208
01:10:58,240 --> 01:11:01,440
There was also some level of inv

1209
01:11:01,720 --> 01:11:04,200
by international financial insti

1210
01:11:04,880 --> 01:11:07,800
without whom this crime
could never have been committed.

1211
01:11:10,560 --> 01:11:11,920
In late 2019,

1212
01:11:12,080 --> 01:11:14,920
four men were sentenced
to 50 years in prison

1213
01:11:15,080 --> 01:11:18,600
for breaking into the ecologist'
and shooting her to death.

1214
01:11:18,760 --> 01:11:20,400
A further three men...

1215
01:11:20,560 --> 01:11:23,760
Eight people have now been prose

1216
01:11:24,320 --> 01:11:26,320
two people linked to DESA:

1217
01:11:26,480 --> 01:11:31,160
Sergio Rodríguez, Environmental
and Corporate Communications Man

1218
01:11:31,320 --> 01:11:34,960
and Douglas Bustillo,
Head of Company Security.

1219
01:11:35,120 --> 01:11:36,520
Also convicted was

1220
01:11:36,680 --> 01:11:40,640
Army Major Mariano Díaz Chávez.

1221
01:11:41,960 --> 01:11:44,720
Military officer Henry Hernandez
also found guilty,

1222
01:11:45,320 --> 01:11:48,720
as were three other assassins.

1223
01:11:49,600 --> 01:11:50,840
In a second trial,

1224
01:11:51,000 --> 01:11:52,920
they convicted David Castillo,

1225
01:11:53,080 --> 01:11:54,800
DESA Managing Director,

1226
01:11:54,960 --> 01:11:57,520
as a co-perpetrator
of Berta Cáceres' murder.

1227
01:11:59,160 --> 01:12:04,360
There is one person who was char
in my mum's case

1228
01:12:06,160 --> 01:12:07,320
who is on the run.

1229
01:12:07,480 --> 01:12:10,200
He belongs to one
of the country's richest familie

1230
01:12:10,640 --> 01:12:15,120
They own banks, football teams,
supermarkets, megastores...

1231
01:12:16,760 --> 01:12:18,600
Daniel Atala is on the run.

1232
01:12:18,760 --> 01:12:21,920
We keep mentioning Daniel Atala

1233
01:12:22,080 --> 01:12:24,080
Jacobo, José Eduardo,

1234
01:12:24,240 --> 01:12:27,640
and Pedro Atala Zablah.

1235
01:12:27,800 --> 01:12:30,720
They are brothers
and majority shareholders.

1236
01:12:30,880 --> 01:12:33,120
If the witnesses are to be belie

1237
01:12:33,280 --> 01:12:38,240
no decision regarding the dam
would have been taken

1238
01:12:38,400 --> 01:12:40,560
without their express approval.

1239
01:12:41,120 --> 01:12:44,120
For me, half-justice is
no justice at all.

1240
01:12:44,560 --> 01:12:49,120
I think we should
keep investigating, keep fightin

1241
01:12:49,280 --> 01:12:51,520
until we get there.

1242
01:12:51,680 --> 01:12:53,040
Many years have gone by,

1243
01:12:53,200 --> 01:12:54,360
but you know,

1244
01:12:54,520 --> 01:12:58,800
people say
that delayed justice is not just

1245
01:12:58,960 --> 01:12:59,920
But I think it is.

1246
01:13:00,480 --> 01:13:02,320
Those who gave the order,

1247
01:13:03,640 --> 01:13:05,600
the big owners of DESA,

1248
01:13:05,760 --> 01:13:08,640
are enjoying full impunity.

1249
01:13:10,280 --> 01:13:13,600
In Berta's case,

1250
01:13:14,400 --> 01:13:16,800
for as long as
we do not have full justice,

1251
01:13:17,960 --> 01:13:20,920
no environmental defender,

1252
01:13:21,480 --> 01:13:24,800
no human rights activist,

1253
01:13:25,240 --> 01:13:28,200
will be able to live a safe life

1254
01:13:34,720 --> 01:13:38,800
Being an environmentalist
in Latin America

1255
01:13:40,400 --> 01:13:42,320
is a risky business.

1256
01:13:42,840 --> 01:13:45,000
It is dangerous because

1257
01:13:45,600 --> 01:13:47,360
we have neither the support

1258
01:13:49,040 --> 01:13:53,680
nor the security that we deserve

1259
01:13:54,960 --> 01:13:56,360
To be an environmentalist

1260
01:13:57,720 --> 01:13:58,960
is...

1261
01:13:59,520 --> 01:14:03,240
to be exposed at all times

1262
01:14:05,880 --> 01:14:08,280
to the risk
of a bullet ending your life.

1263
01:14:09,200 --> 01:14:10,800
Or of some other attack.

1264
01:14:11,600 --> 01:14:13,080
And nothing will happen.

1265
01:14:13,840 --> 01:14:18,120
Seventeen years can go by,
as in our case,

1266
01:14:18,280 --> 01:14:20,960
and it will still remain unpunis

1267
01:14:22,360 --> 01:14:24,640
and your family will still be
seeking justice.

1268
01:14:29,960 --> 01:14:35,080
Berta Cáceres exemplifies courag
its purest form.

1269
01:14:35,200 --> 01:14:39,199
Fighting against incredibly
dangerous and powerful

1270
01:14:39,200 --> 01:14:42,919
forces, knowing that she was lik
to be killed,

1271
01:14:42,920 --> 01:14:45,920
but without taking a step back.

1272
01:14:46,080 --> 01:14:51,160
Standing up to them until they
killed her. They murdered her.

1273
01:14:51,280 --> 01:14:54,960
But his example lives on.

1274
01:14:55,120 --> 01:14:57,880
His spirit lives on.

1275
01:14:58,040 --> 01:14:59,480
They can't take that away.

1276
01:14:59,680 --> 01:15:03,679
They cannot kill his extraordina
example,

1277
01:15:03,680 --> 01:15:07,880
which continues to inspire peopl
this day.

1278
01:15:10,320 --> 01:15:11,880
Let us wake up.

1279
01:15:12,040 --> 01:15:13,640
Let us wake up, humanity.

1280
01:15:13,800 --> 01:15:14,760
Time is running out.

1281
01:15:15,680 --> 01:15:18,920
Mother Earth demands that we act

1282
01:15:19,080 --> 01:15:22,960
Let us build societies capable
of coexisting

1283
01:15:23,120 --> 01:15:25,920
in a just, dignified manner,
and for life.

1284
01:15:28,200 --> 01:15:30,920
Let us come together
and move forward with hope,

1285
01:15:31,080 --> 01:15:33,600
defending and caring for the blo

1286
01:15:33,760 --> 01:15:35,640
of the earth and its spirits.